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Archive through December 31, 2005

The TVClubHouse: General Discussions ARCHIVES: 2005 Dec. ~ 2006 Feb.: Free Expression: On This Day ... Canadian Headlines (ARCHIVES): Archive through December 31, 2005 users admin

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Lumbele
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07-12-2002

Wednesday, December 07, 2005 - 11:03 am   Edit Post Move Post Delete Post View Post Send Lumbele a private message Print Post    
December 7

1982
London England - Hugh Hambleton convicted of spying for Soviet Union in the 1950's; Laval University professor.

1982
Vancouver BC - Harry Jerome dies; track and field athlete, teacher, born at Prince Albert, Saskatchewan Sept. 30, 1940; won the 100 m bronze in the 1964 Tokyo Olympics, and the 100 m gold in the 1967 Pan-American Games; first man to hold both the world 100 yard and 100 metre records; first Canadian to hold a world track record.

1960
Ottawa Ontario - RCMP file first report to Justice Minister Davie Fulton on relations of Pierre Sevigny, Deputy Minister of National Defence, with Gerda Munsinger, an East German prostitute; affair a security risk; no other action taken; secret until March, 1966, when the affair comes out in the House of Commons and becomes a major scandal.

1941 WAR WITH JAPAN
Ottawa Ontario - Canada the first of the Western allies to declare war on Japan, Finland, Hungary, and Rumania; shortly after Japanese bomb US base at Pearl Harbour, Hawaii. US, Britain and other allied countries follow the next day.

1918
Vancouver BC - Earthquake stops the Vancouver Block clock on Granville Street; the clock has only stopped a few times since it was built in 1912; in a June 23, 1946 earthquake, and on New Years Eve, 1952.

1907
Canada - Christmas seals first sold to help fight tuberculosis.

1863
Cape Cod, Massachusetts - Party of 16 Confederates hijack American coastal steamer Chesapeake and sail it to Saint John, NB, for refueling, then to Nova Scotian waters, where it is recaptured by the USS Dacotah and towed into Halifax harbour; US vice-consul charges Nova Scotians with violation of the Webster-Ashburton Treaty, but the Chesapeake Affair soon blows over.

1837
Toronto Ontario - Upper Canada Governor Francis Bond Head orders Lt. James Fitzgibbon to march with Allan MacNab, 1000 loyalist volunteers and 500 militia to Montgomery's Tavern 8 km north of Toronto; troops burn tavern, disperse rebels, capture rebel commander Anthony Van Egmond 1771-1838; William Lyon Mackenzie flees into exile in the US, effectively ending the rebellion in Upper Canada.

1770
Churchill Manitoba - Samuel Hearne sets out west from Fort Prince of Wales on Hudson Bay on his third expedition to find a passage, by river or sea, across the Barren Lands; with Chipewyan chief Matonabee; travel to Alcantara Lake, and then north to the Coppermine River; first European to see the Arctic Ocean.

1649
Huronia Ontario - Jesuit priest Charles Garnier killed by Iroquois during attack on St-Jean mission; canonized by Pope Pius XI on June 29, 1930.


Born on this day:

1940 - Gerry Cheevers
NHL goaltender, coach, born at St. Catharines, Ontario; played 19 professional seasons, mostly with the Boston Bruins; Stanley Cup wins in 1970, 1972; rejoined the Bruins in 1976 after 3 1/2 seasons with Cleveland in the WHA; holds NHL record for longest undefeated streak [32 games]; retired at end of 1979-80 season because his knees had worn out; July, 1980 named coach of the Bruins; had a 204-126-46 record in his 4 1/2 seasons.

1929 - Thelma Chalifoux
Metis activist, consultant, born at Calgary, Alberta. Chalifoux studied at the Southern Alberta Institute of Technology, and Lethbridge College; started her career working with the Company of Young Canadians; Chairwoman of the Metis National Council Senate and Vice-President of the Aboriginal Women's Business Development Corporation and the Provincial Association of Friendship Centres; Member, RCMP K Division, Elders Advisory Committee; Nov. 26, 1997 appointed to the Senate by Jean Chrétien, the first Metis to hold a Senate seat.

1916 - Margaret Carse
dancer, choreographer, educator, born at Edmonton. Carse studied ballet and performed in Toronto with the Canadian Ballet and the National Ballet of Canada; member of New York's Radio City Music Hall ballet corps; 1954 retired due to injury, retrained as a teacher with Gweneth Lloyd, and returned home to teach and manage her amateur troupe, Dance Interlude; 1960 renamed the Edmonton Ballet; 1971 becomes Alberta Ballet Company; 1971 founding artistic director of the Alberta Ballet School; 1974-83 ABS Principal.

1916 - 1988 Jean Carignan
virtuoso fiddler, born at Lévis, Quebec; died at Montreal. Ti-Jean Carignan started playing the violin at age 4; earned a living playing for dance bands and driving a taxi; 1956 started performing at concerts and folk festivals, and recorded almost 100 albums; 1973 honoured by a gathering of 400 fiddlers from across North America; 1976 played concerto written for him by André Gagnon; 1979 performed on Yehudi Menuhin's TV series, The Music of Man.

1911 - 1995 Max Braithwaite
writer, humorist, born at Nokomis, Saskatchewan; died at Brighton, Ontario. Braithwaite grew up in Prince Albert and Saskatoon, and attended the University of Saskatchewan; 1933-40 rural school teacher during the Depression; 1940 joined Royal Canadian Navy; served with Royal Canadian Volunteer Services; 1945 started career as freelance writer, producing CBC radio and TV plays and scripts and writing books and magazine articles; works include Why Shoot the Teacher? (1965; filmed in 1977), Never Sleep Three in a Bed (1969), The Night We Stole the Mountie's Car (1971, Leacock Medal), Max: The Best of Braithwaite (1983) and All the Way Home (1986).

1910 - 1982 Rod Cameron
TV/movie actor, stunt man, born Nathan Cox at Calgary. Cameron played in over 75 B films from the 1940s, and starred on TV in City Detective, Coronado 9, and as State Trooper's Trooper Rod Blake (1957).

1910 - Duncan McNaughton
high jumper, born in Cornwall, Ontario; raised in Kelowna and Vancouver, attended USC. McNaughton's diving western roll technique disqualified him from the 1930 British Empire Games, but he was allowed to compete in the 1932 Olympic Games in Los Angeles, and won the High Jump Gold medal for Canada, clearing the bar at 6' 5 5/8"; 1933 won the US Intercollegiate high jump title in Chicago, then retired.

1907 - 1983 Fred Rose
Communist organizer, politician, MP, born Fred Rosenberg at Lublin, Poland; died at Warsaw. Rose moved to Montreal with his parents; joined Young Communist League as organizer; 1929-30 arrested and sentenced to a year in jail for sedition; 1943 elected MP for Montreal-Cartier as a Labour Progressive; 1945 re-elected; 1946 arrested after Gouzenko revelations, sentenced to 6 years for communicating official secrets to a foreign power; Canada's only elected Communist MP.

1906 - 1980 Robert Fowler
lawyer, executive, born at Peterborough, Ontario; died at Hawkesbury, Ontario,. Fowler attended the University of Toronto and Osgoode Hall; President of the Canadian Pulp and Paper Association; 1955 headed the Royal Commission on Broadcasting; March 1957 tabled Report calling for a new regulatory authority to administer public and private broadcasting; 1965 headed new committee that led to the creation of the Canadian Radio-Television Commission.

1837 - 1916 Acheson Gosford Irvine
soldier, mounted police officer, prison warden, born at Quebec City. Irvine served with the Quebec Rifles on the Red River expedition of 1870; stayed in Manitoba in command of the Provisional Battalion of Rifles; 1975 joined the North West Mounted Police; 1876-80 NWMP Assistant Commissioner; 1880-86 third Commissioner; warned that harsh Indian settlement policy could lead to rebellion; 1885 led a column of police to Prince Albert during the North West Rebellion; 1886 resigned after criticism for inaction during the Rebellion; 1892-1913 warden of Stony Mountain Penitentiary; 1913-14 warden, Kingston Penitentiary.

Lumbele
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07-12-2002

Thursday, December 08, 2005 - 7:09 am   Edit Post Move Post Delete Post View Post Send Lumbele a private message Print Post    
December 8

1995
Ottawa Ontario - Federal government announces $1.5-billion deal to privatize the country's air traffic control network, the first large-scale transfer of government services to the private sector.

1981
Ottawa Ontario - Senate approves patriation package by 59 to 23; now sent to British Parliament for final approval; to end Canada's last colonial and legal tie with Britain.

1960
Havana Cuba - Fidel Castro's government purchases Cuban assets of the Royal Bank of Canada.

1956
Melbourne Australia - Closing of the 16th Olympiad in Melbourne. Canadians win two Golds - Gerry Ouellette for Smallbore Rifle - Prone, and the UBC Coxless Fours (Donald Arnold, Ignace d'Hondt, Lorne Loomer, Archie MacKinnon) for Rowing.

1917
Halifax Nova Scotia - First relief train reaches Halifax from New England; with doctors, nurses, and supplies to treat survivors of the Halifax explosion.

1915
London England - Canadian MD John McCrae's poem 'In Flanders Fields' first published in Punch magazine.

1891
Ottawa Ontario - Ottawa imposes duty on fish imported from Newfoundland.

1869 START OF RED RIVER REBELLION
Winnipeg Manitoba - Louis Riel issues the Declaration of the People of Rupert's Land and the North West; declares that the sale to Canada of Rupert's Land (the HBC territory) without their consent entitles people to set up their own government; many in Canada privately agree, including Militia Minister George-Etienne Cartier.

1869
Toronto Ontario - Timothy Eaton opens his first shop at Yonge and Queen in Toronto, offering a 'Satisfaction Guaranteed' refund policy.

1837
Toronto Ontario - William Lyon Mackenzie, chief organizer of the rebellion in Upper Canada, flees toward Niagara after the militia defeat his rebels at Montgomery's Tavern.


Born on this day:

1978 - Haley Wickenheiser
hockey player, born in Shaunavon, Saskatchewan, the cousin of NHLer Doug Wickenheiser; played with the 1997 National Champion Edmonton Chimos and on the gold medal Canadian women's team at the 1997 World Championship in Kitchener, Ontario.

1923 - Keith Waples
sulky driver. In 1959 Waples and his horse Mighty Dudley were the first to break the 2 minute barrier for the one mile race - in 1 minute 59.3 seconds. In 1967 he drove to a record 246 wins on Canadian tracks.

1915 - 2005 Andy Russell
writer, film producer, born near Lethbridge, Alberta. A high school dropout in the Depression, Russell ran a trap line and worked as a bighorn sheep guide with Bert Riggall; 1945 sold first article to Outdoor Life magazine; his books include Grizzly Country (1967), Horns in the High Country (1973), Adventures with Wild Animals (1977), The Canadian Cowboy (1994), Memoirs of a Mountain Man (1984) and The Life of a River (1987, about conserving the Oldman River); also produced Grizzly Country and two films about wildlife and conservation.

1909 - 1999 Gratien Gélinas
actor, playwright, producer, director, born at St-Tite, Quebec; died. Gélinas created the radio monologue character Fridolin, a cynical Montrealer with a soft heart; 1938-46 presented the annual Fridolinons or Fridolinades, which burlesqued and commented on society, politics and culture, with satire, melodrama, song and dance; 1948 created the play and the character -Coq, about an unemployed conscript soldier, an orphan who does not want to leave more orphans behind him; 1957-72 founding director of La Comédie canadienne; 1959 wrote and produced Bousille et les justes, about another orphan who suffers under an evil family of hypercritical bosses; 1966 wrote and produced Hier, les enfants dansaient, about family tensions as a mirror of Quebec/Ottawa political tensions; 1969 translated and adapted George Ryga's Rita Joe; 1969-78 chaired the Canadian Film Development Corporation; 1986 co-president of the Groupe de travail sur le statut de l'artiste. Films include La dame aux camélias, la vraie (1942 Director) Fridolinons '45 (1945) -coq (1952 Director) Bousille et les justes (TV 1962) Yesterday the Children Were Dancing (TV 1968 Director) Red (aka The Red Half Breed, 1970) Cordélia (1980) Agnes of God (1985) Les tisserands du pouvoir (1988) Les tisserands du pouvoir II: La révolte (1988); also the TV series Les quatre fers en l'air (1954-1955).

1899 - 1987 John Qualen
TV/film actor, born John Oleson Kvalen at Vancouver, BC, the son of a Norwegian Lutheran minister. Qualen started his acting career in tent shows and stock productions; 1929 made his Broadway debut in Street Scene; 1931 went to Hollywood to repeat his role in the screen version; journeyman character actor in over 100 movies, including The Grapes Of Wrath, The Searchers, and as the father of the Dionne Quintuplets in several films in the late 30s. He also appeared on many TV shows.

1878 - 1973 Henry Herbert Stevens
politician, businessman, born at Bristol, England; died at Vancouver. Stevens was first elected Conservative MP for Vancouver City in 1911, 1921-26 served as a Cabinet minister in the Meighen governments; 1930-34 MP for East Kootenay and Minister of Trade and Commerce in the R.B. Bennett government; 1934 Chairman of the Royal Commission on Price Spreads; attacked abuses by big business during the Depression, and called for drastic reform; 1935 resigned from Cabinet and the Commission to form the Reconstruction Party, to protect the 'little man'; Party won almost 10% of the popular vote in the 1935 election, but Stevens won the only seat; 1939 returned to the Conservative caucus; 1942 failed in bid to win Tory leadership and turned to full time business.

1873 - 1948 John Duncan MacLean
MD, politician, born at Culloden, PEI; died at Ottawa. MacLean began his career as a teacher, and became a school principal in Rossland, BC; 1905 earned a medical degree from McGill and practiced in Greenwood, BC; 1916-27 elected Liberal MLA; served as BC Provincial Secretary, Minister of Education and Minister of Finance; 1927 Premier on John Oliver's death; 1928 defeated by Conservatives in election; 1935-48 Chairman of the Canadian Farm Loan Board.

Lumbele
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07-12-2002

Friday, December 09, 2005 - 6:52 am   Edit Post Move Post Delete Post View Post Send Lumbele a private message Print Post    
December 9

1990
Ottawa Ontario - Pope John Paul canonizes Marie-Marguérite d'Youville, founder, in 1755, of the Sisters of Charity of the Hôpital Général (Soeurs grises or Grey Nuns); born Marie-Marguérite Dufrost de La Jemmerais at Varennes, Quebec, Oct. 15, 1701; educated by the Ursulines of Quebec; died in Montreal Dec. 23, 1771.

1973
Toronto Ontario - The Royal Canadian Air Farce first airs on CBC Radio.

1972
NWT - Martin Hartwell found alive 32 days after his bush plane crashed in the Arctic; 3 passengers died in crash.

1968
Ottawa Ontario - André Laurendeau and Davidson Dunton issue their second Royal Commission on Bilingualism and Biculturalism Report; recommends more English Canadian children take French language courses.

1957
Oslo Norway - Canada's Lester B. Pearson accepts the Nobel Peace Prize in Oslo; awarded for his work in setting up the UN peacekeeping force used in Suez.

1947
Lethbridge Alberta - Lethbridge woman and her 13 year old daughter return home after being trapped in Bulgaria with relatives since 1938; unable to leave when war erupted in 1939; Communist government refused to let her leave in 1945.

1941
BC - Fear of Japanese invasion spreads on west coast; government orders blackouts; closes Japanese-Canadian newspapers, schools.

1939
Quebec Quebec - Quebec adopts a new coat of arms and the motto, 'Je me souviens' [I Remember].

1916
Revelstoke BC - Canadian Pacific inaugurates the 8 km long Connaught Tunnel through Macdonald Mountain in the Selkirk Range, eliminating the old climb over Rogers Pass and 8 km of snowsheds that protected the main CPR line from frequent avalanches caused by up to 15 metres of snow each winter; Canada's longest rail tunnel took two years to blast, and cost $2 million.

1851 MONTREAL GETS NORTH AMERICA'S FIRST YMCA
Montreal Quebec - George Williams opens Young Men's Christian Association [YMCA] branch; first in North America.

1757
Quebec Quebec - Famine in New France due to a poor harvest causes the inhabitants to butcher their horses.


Born on this day:

1966 - Dana Murzyn
NHL defenseman, born at Regina, Saskatchewan; selected as an underage junior by the Hartford Whalers in the first round (fifth pick overall) of the 1985 NHL Entry Draft; traded by the Calgary Flames to the Vancouver Canucks for Ron Stern, Kevan Guy and future considerations on March 5, 1991.

1943 - Rick Danko
rock singer, bassist, songwriter, born at Simcoe, Ontario. Danko started off with a high school band called Rick And The Starliners, then moved to Toronto to play in a backup band for Ronnie Hawkins and the Hawks. In 1965 The Hawks accompanied Bob Dylan on a world tour, as the Band, and they never looked back. Danko is in the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.

1935 - Christopher Pratt
painter, printmaker, born at St John's, Nfld. Pratt studied at the Glasgow School of Art (1957-59) and at Mount Allison (1959-61, with Alex Colville); 1961 taught at Memorial University; 1963 full time painter; husband of artist Mary Pratt.

1928 - 1985 Gordon Fisher
publisher, born at Montreal; died at Toronto. Fisher studied engineering at McGill; built his family's Southam Inc. into one of the largest newspaper chains in Canada; diversified into broadcast media and printing.

1895 - 1968 Eugene Brosseau
boxer. Brosseau won his first Canadian amateur boxing title at age 20; 1916 took both Canadian and US title; 1917 won middleweight title; 1919 partially paralyzed by a blow to the neck; won 24 out of 27 matches, with 17 knockouts.

1890 - 1970 Laura Salverson
novelist, born Laura Goodman at Winnipeg, daughter of Icelandic immigrants; died at Toronto. Salverson married George Salverson in 1913; novels include The Viking Heart (1923), When Sparrows Fall (1925), Johann Lind (1928) and The Dark Weaver (1937, Governor General's Award); her autobiography, Confessions of an Immigrant's Daughter (1939), also won the Governor General's Award.

1876 - 1940 newurl{http://www.probertencyclopaedia.com/cgi-bin/res.pl?keyword=Berton+Churchill&offset=0,Berton Churchill }
stage and film actor, was born at Toronto, Ontario; died in New York. Churchill played in almost 140 B movies in the 1930s and 1940s.

1873 - 1912 Jean-Olivier Chénier
MD, rebel, born at Lachine, Quebec; killed in combat at St-Eustache, Quebec. Chénier started practicing medicine in 1828 at St-Benoît [today's Mirabel]; 1836 moved to St-Eustache; 1836-37 took active role in Patriote assemblies, which called for popular elections and the boycott of British goods; 1837 organized the St-Eustache camp of the Patriotes du Nord; killed during battle with the British regulars under the command of Sir John Colborne.

1873 - 1912 George Blewett
philosopher, professor, born at St Thomas, Ontario; died at Go Home Bay, Ontario. Blewett taught at Victoria College, University of Toronto 1906-12; author of The Study of Nature and The Vision of God (1907) and The Christian View of the World (1912).

1860 - 1927 François-Louis Lessard
soldier, born at Quebec City; died at Meadowvale, Ontario. Lessard joined the Quebec Garrison Artillery in 1880; 1885 served in the North West Rebellion as Lt in the Cavalry School Corps; 1899 Lt-Col of the Corps; volunteered for service in the South African War and given command of the 1st Battalion, Canadian Mounted Rifles (Royal Canadian Dragoons); 1912 promoted Maj.-Gen., but Minister of Militia Sam Hughes would not give him World War I command overseas; 1914 Inspector General for eastern Canada and CO of Halifax; 1918 restored order in Quebec City after conscription riots.

1777 - 1850 John Inglis
Anglican minister, bishop, born at New York City; died at London, England. Inglis was the son of Charles Inglis, the Church of England's first bishop of Nova Scotia; 1802 ordained after studying at King's College, Windsor; 1825 bishop of Nova Scotia, PEI, Newfoundland and Bermuda (until 1839), and New Brunswick (until 1845).

1742 - 1798 Esteban José Martínez
naval captain, born at Seville, Spain; died at Loreto, Mexico. Martínez accompanied Juan Hernandez on his 1774 exploratory voyage from San Blas, Mexico, to the Queen Charlotte Islands and Nootka Sound; 1778 examined Russian fur-trading posts in the Aleutian Islands, and learned that they planned to build a post at Nootka; 1789 sent to build a post at Nootka by Mexican Viceroy Flórez; found John Meares and his British fur traders already there; seized their ships and crews and built a summer military post to control the territory. Meares demanded compensation; after 5 years of the Nootka Sound Controversy, Spain and Britain signed the third Nootka Convention of Jan. 11, 1794, recognizing each other's rights of trade at Nootka Sound.

Lumbele
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07-12-2002

Saturday, December 10, 2005 - 8:40 am   Edit Post Move Post Delete Post View Post Send Lumbele a private message Print Post    
December 10

1987
Montreal Quebec - First death from eating tainted mussels in Montreal.

1985
Ottawa Ontario - Steve MacLean named Canada's second astronaut; Ottawa native.

1968
Montreal Quebec - Charles Lavern Beasley jailed for six years for hijacking Toronto-bound flight from Moncton to Cuba.

1948
United Nations, New York - United Nations General Assembly adopts Universal Declaration of Human Rights; Canada a signatory; proclaims a 'common standard of achievement for all peoples and all nations, to the end that every individual and every organ of society, keeping this Declaration constantly in mind, shall strive by teaching and education to promote respect for these rights and freedoms'.

1942
Ottawa Ontario - Government cuts output of spirits by 30%, wine 20% and beer 10% under wartime powers; some opposition, to the cry of 'No Beer, No Bonds'.

1928
Calgary Alberta - Western Airways Fokker leaves Calgary's civic airport for Regina, Saskatchewan this morning, with 10 bags of letters and Christmas packages; Canada's first use of airplanes for daily mail delivery; test of proposed national airmail service.

1900
Montreal Quebec - Archbishop Bégin intervenes to end Quebec Shoe Workers' lockout, since Oct. 27; first direct intervention in a labour conflict by Quebec Catholic clergy and first step toward the creation of Catholic unions.

1858
Kingston Ontario - Province of Canada issues Letters Patent, making legal tender the silver 5¢, 10¢, and 25¢ pieces, and copper cent.

1838
Beauharnois Quebec - Canadian militia chase 400 Chasseur raiders out of village of Beauharnois to end second rebellion.

1813 YANKEES TORCH TOWN OF NIAGARA
Niagara-on-the-Lake, Ontario - US Army Major McClure evacuates Fort George, crosses the Niagara River with American troops, but flees the next day at British approach, burning 149 houses, leaving 400 citizens of Newark (Niagara) homeless.


Born on this day:

1969 - Rob Blake
NHL defenseman, was born at Simcoe, Ontario. Blake was selected by the Los Angeles Kings in the fourth round (70th pick overall) of the 1988 NHL Entry Draft; 1991 NHL all-rookie team; 1994 played in NHL all-star game; 1998 won Norris Trophy; finalist for Masterton Trophy; led NHL defensemen in goals; led team in power-play goals and shots.

1961 - Mark McKoy
track athlete, was born at Georgetown, Guyana. McKoy moved to Toronto as a young man; 1981 won first of eight consecutive national championships in the 110 m hurdles; 1984 ranked in the top three in the world, but finished 4th at the Los Angeles Olympics; 1986 gold medal in the Commonwealth Games 110 m hurdles and as a member of the 4x100 m relay team; 1987 out of the medals at the World Track and Field Championships; 1988 finished 7th at the Seoul Olympics, and left abruptly after Ben Johnson's positive drug test, refusing to participate in the relay, which resulted in a two-year suspension; testified at Dubin Inquiry that he had briefly experimented with steroids; 1991 returned to competition, finishing 4th at the 1991 World Championships; 1992 won gold medal in the 110 m hurdles at the Barcelona Olympics; first track and field gold for Canada in 60 years.

1936 - Pierre Nadeau
broadcaster, was born at Montreal. Nadeau started his career at radio station CJBR in Rimouski, then for the ORTF in Paris, France, then Radio-Canada; 1962-70 host of Caméra; 1965-68 Radio-Canada foreign correspondent in Paris; 1968-75 worked on SRC/CBC shows Le monde maintenant, Le téléjournal; Week-end; Le 60; 1977-79 Téjléjmag; 1980 Les lundis de Pierre Nadeau; 1982-84 Pierre Nadeau rencontre; L'Observateur; 1983-86 Déjà vingt ans; 1984 co-animateur du magazine Le Point; 1988 Sept jours (co-producteur, TVA); 1989 Ferland-Nadeau en vacances (talk-show); 1991 Ferland-Nadeau en direct; 1991 L'Événement (TVA.).

1929 - Michael Snow
painter, sculptor, film maker, musician, was born at Toronto. Snow studied at Upper Canada College; 1948-52 attended the Ontario College of Art and started to play music with a group; 1953-54 spent 18 months travelling in Europe; 1956 first solo exhibition at the Isaacs Gallery; 1964-72 lived in a loft in Soho, New York, created his 'Walking Women' series, featured as an 11-part sculpture for the Ontario Pavilion at Expo 67; 1967 made an underground art film, Wavelength; 1972 returned to Toronto; other films include La Région centrale (1971), Rameau's Nephew by Diderot (Thanx to Dennis Young) by Wilma Schoen (1974), and Presents (1981); known for Flight Stop, his fiberglass flying geese in Toronto's Eaton Centre, and 'The Audience' -14 large figures of sports fans, beside SkyDome; 1994 hoisted The Michael Snow Project, a 40 year retrospective, at the Art Gallery of Ontario and the Power Plant.

1928 - 2000 John Colicos
stage/film/TV actor, was born at Toronto. Colicos started work with the Montreal Repertory Theatre, and played with the Old Vic in London, with Orson Welles in New York, and with the US Stratford Festival before moving to Stratford, Ontario in 1961. In 1971 he played Thomas Cromwell in the film Anne of a Thousand Days, and in 1975 acted the role of Canadian Pacific President Van Horne in the CBC production of Pierre Berton's National Dream. TV fans know him as Battlestar Galactica's Count Baltar, General Hospital's madman freezeman Mikkos Cassadine, and as Klingon Commander Kor in Star Trek Deep Space Nine.

1909 - 1966 Charlie Conacher
hockey player, was born in 1915, the younger brother of Lionel Conacher; died in Toronto . Conacher played with the junior Toronto Marlboros in 1928-29, then went directly to the Maple Leafs, where he was right winger on the famous Kid Line with Joe Primeau and Busher Jackson. He was traded to Detroit in 1938, and finished his career with the New York Americans. He played 13 seasons in the NHL, and scored 225 goals, with 173 assists in regular season play. He led the league in goal scoring four times in the early to mid-1930s, and was three times an all-star. From 1947 to 1950 he coached the Chicago Black Hawks.

1908 - Harold Wright
track athlete, sport manager. Wright competed for Canada in the 1932 Summer Olympics, reaching the semi-final in the 100m and 200m track sprints; 1969-1977 President of the Canadian Olympic Association; served on organizing committee of the 1976 Montreal Summer Olympics in Montreal; 1970 helped found the Olympic Trust to help fund Canada's Olympic athletes.

1891 - 1969 Harold Alexander, 1st Earl Alexander of Tunis
soldier, diplomat, was born at London, England; died at Slough, England. Alexander served in the Irish Guards during World War I; 1937 the youngest major-general in the British army; 1940 led British 1st Division in France in 1940 and rearguard at Dunkirk; 1942 directed the British-Chinese army's retreat from Burma during the Japanese invasion; 1942 senior British Army commander in the Mediterranean; 1946 appointed Governor General of Canada; 1952 Minister of Defence in the Churchill government, to 1954.

1890 - 1964 Byron Johnson
businessman, politician, was born at Victoria, BC. Johnson served in World War I, then started a building supply company in Victoria; 1933 Liberal MLA for Victoria; 1937 defeated; 1939 built RCAF airports in BC during World War II; 1945 elected Coalition (Liberal) MLA for New Westminster; 1947 succeeded John Hart as BC Premier to 1952 when the coalition unraveled.

1861 - 1919 Joseph-David-Rodolphe Forget
investor, broker, politician, was born at Terrebonne, Quebec; died at Montreal. Forget joined the brokerage firm of his uncle Louis-Joseph; active in Montreal Street Railway (later Montreal Tramways); Richelieu and Ontario Navigation; Montreal Light, Heat and Power, and, Canada Cement; 1907 moved to Quebec City to develop the Quebec Railway, Light and Power; 1908-11 Chairman of the Montreal Stock Exchange; 1904-17 Conservative MP.

1827 - 1913 Eugene O'Keefe
brewer, banker, was born at Bandon, Ireland; died at Toronto. O'Keefe came to Canada in 1832; 1846 hired as junior accountant by Toronto Savings Bank; 1861 founded Victoria Brewery; 1862 acquired Hannath and Hart Brewery; 1880s imported refrigeration technology from the US to brew lager; 1891 incorporated as the O'Keefe Brewing Co Ltd.; 1911 sold out to Henry Pellatt, William Mulock and Charles Miller; 1934 company acquired by E.P. Taylor and folded into his Canadian Breweries.

1744 -1813 illiam von Moll Berczy
painter, architect, land agent, was baptised Johann Albrecht Ulrich Moll at Wallerstein, Germany; died at New York City. Berczy grew up in Vienna, studied in Italy and began painting in England; 1792 led a party of colonists to New York; 1794 moved to Markham, Ontario; 1805 started painting portraits for a living in Toronto and later Montreal; 1803 designed Christ Church, Montreal; works include portraits of Joseph Brant (1805) and The Woolsey Family (1808-09).

1678 - 1738 Claude-Thomas Dupuy
lawyer, colonial administrator, was born at Paris, France; died at Rennes, France. Dupuy became a lawyer in the Parlement de Paris; 1720 purchased the office of Maître des requêtes; 1725 appointed Intendent of New France; Sept. 1726 arrived at Quebec; quarreled with Governor Beauharnois and the clergy until his recall in 1728.

1656 - 1729 Charles Le Moyne, Baron de Longueuil
politician, was born at Montreal, the eldest son of Charles Le Moyne, Sr. Le Moyne de Longueuil was the only native-born Canadian to enter the nobility (1700); served as Governor of Trois-Rivières and Montreal; 1725; interim administrator of New France.

1637 - 1710 Jacques-René de Brisay, Marquis de Denonville
soldier, governor, was born at Denonville, France. Denonville was appointed Governor General of New France in 1685; arrived at Quebec Aug. 01 during attacks by the Iroquois, backed by the English; 1686 sent de Troyes overland to attack Hudson's Bay Company posts on James Bay; 1687 led punitive expedition against the Seneca north of New York, burning villages and crops and sending Iroquois prisoners to France to serve as galley slaves; 1689 abandoned and destroyed Fort Frontenac after Iroquois Five Nations attacked Lachine; recalled for military service in Europe.

Lumbele
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Sunday, December 11, 2005 - 7:21 am   Edit Post Move Post Delete Post View Post Send Lumbele a private message Print Post    
December 11

1995
Ottawa Ontario - House of Commons passes resolution recognizing that Quebec is a distinct society within Canada.

1995
NWT - Innu First Nations choose Iqaluit as capital of the Nunavut Territory to come into effect April 1, 1999; Inuit plebiscite.

1981
Nassau Bahamas - Trevor Berbick defeats three-time world champion Muhammad Ali in Nassau in 10-round unanimous decision; Canadian and Commonwealth heavyweight boxing champion.

1962
Toronto Ontario - Ronald Turpin and Arthur Lucas hanged in the Don Jail; Canada's last judicial hanging.

1948
St. John's Newfoundland - Joey Smallwood signs Confederation agreement for Newfoundland to enter Confederation as Canada's 10th province.

1936
London England - King George VI starts reign; to 1952 on abdication of brother Edward VIII, who reigned for only 11 months, and left the throne to marry American divorcee Wallis Warfield Simpson.

1931 CANADA NOW FULLY INDEPENDENT
London England - British Parliament passes Statute of Westminster; gives complete legislative equality to Dominion Parliaments; marks the final independence of Canada from Britain; BNA Act becomes Canadian, but no amending formula for constitutional change.

1911
Edmonton Alberta - Alberta brings in first Motor Vehicles Act; sets speed limit in towns and cities at 15 mph, and at 20 mph in less settled areas; outside urban areas, drivers required to slow down to 6 mph when approaching or passing pedestrians and horses, and to assist any horseman who required assistance; drivers required to take out a license, must be over 16 if a boy or over 18 if a young lady.

1753
Ohio - George Washington arrives in the Ohio Valley with Tanaghrisson and two other chiefs to help Senecas and counter French; a young Major from Virginia.

1713
Quebec Quebec - Michel Beaudoin the first native born Quebecker to enter the Jesuit Order.


Born on this day:

1964 - Carolyn Waldo
synchronized swimmer, broadcaster, born in Montreal Quebec. Waldo nearly drowned as a 3 year old and it took her 7 years to overcome her fear of water. At age 18, she moved to Calgary to train with coach Debbie Muir. She won Silver in the Solo Synchronized Swimming event at the 1984 Olympics, and at the 1986 World Aquatic championships, she and Michelle Cameron won duet gold, while Cameron won the solo gold. At the 1988 Olympics the duet also won Gold, and Waldo won the Gold Medal in Solo, making her the first Canadian woman to win 2 gold medals at one Olympiad. She is now a sportscaster with CJOH-TV in Ottawa.

1948 - Tony Gabriel
football player. Gabriel began his pro career with the CFL Hamilton Tiger Cats in 1971 and played a key role in their 1972 and 1976 Grey Cup wins. An 8 time all star, Gabriel won the Schenley Trophy 4 times as the Outstanding Canadian and once as the league's Outstanding player.

1931 - Pilote, Pierre
NHL defenseman, born at Kenogami, Quebec; played 14 NHL seasons from 1955 to 1969 with the Chicago Black Hawks (Norris Trophy winner 1964, 1965, 1966) and the Toronto Maple Leafs.

1922 - 1992 Pauline Jewett
professor, politician, born at St Catharines, Ontario; died at Ottawa. Jewett was educated at Queen's, Radcliffe, Harvard and London School of Economics; 1955-74 Professor of Political Science and head of the Institute of Canadian Studies at Carleton University; 1974-78 President of Simon Fraser University, the first woman to head a large Canadian university; 1963-65 Liberal MP for Northumberland; 1966 VP of the Liberal Party of Canada; switched to the NDP; 1979, 1980, 1984 MP for New Westminster-Coquitlam; NDP critic on education, external affairs and disarmament, and federal-provincial relations.

1892 - ? John A. Larson
born in Shelburne, Nova Scotia; inventor of the lie detector, which he called the 'polygraph', a device to simultaneously and continuously record the pulse rate, breathing rate, blood pressure, and perspiration secretion of potential liars; not foolproof, but useful.

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December 12

1991
Ottawa Ontario - Justice Minister Kim Campbell brings in new rape shield law that defines consent, allows case questioning only when crucial to defendant; restores protection lost by ruling previous August.

1985
Gander Newfoundland - US jet transport crashes on takeoff, killing 248 American soldiers on leave; possibly due to bomb planted by terrorists.

1975
Toronto Ontario - Toronto Transit Commission bus collides with commuter train at level crossing, killing 9, injuring 20; worst accident in TTC history.

1973
Ottawa Ontario - Royal Mint starts sale of commemorative coins to help finance 1976 Montreal Olympics.

1946
Montreal Quebec - Demonstration held in Montreal to protest despotism of Duplessis government.

1942
St. John's Newfoundland - Arsonist sets fire during barn dance in Knights of Columbus hostel, killing 99 people and seriously injuring another 100, mostly military personnel and their dates; reputedly set by German agent.

1901
St. John's, Newfoundland - Guglielmo Marconi sends and receives first transatlantic radio message on Signal Hill 3,200 km away across Atlantic from Poldhu, Cornwall; from a box kite trailing a 121 metre long copper wire antenna.
The first transatlantic wireless test signal is heard as the faint clicking of Morse code - of the letter 'S' repeated over and over. Four days later, Marconi will be officially notified by the Anglo-American Telegraph Company that it will take legal action against him unless he immediately ceases his wireless experiments and removes his equipment from Newfoundland; Anglo-American has a fifty-year monopoly on electrical communications in Newfoundland starting in 1858, and is determined to hinder radio telegraphy, which it knows is a serious threat to its transatlantic electric telegraph business operated by submarine cables; Marconi soon decides to move his base of operations to Cape Breton.

1894 DEATH OF A PRIME MINISTER
Windsor England - Sir John Thompson dies at Windsor Castle of a heart attack a few minutes after being sworn in by Queen Victoria as a member of the Privy Council; his body is brought home by a British warship. Canada's 4th Prime Minister, since Dec. 5, 1892, he was a former Premier of Nova Scotia, brought to Ottawa by John A. Macdonald to serve as Justice Minister - 'The great discovery of my life,' said John A., 'was my discovery of Thompson.' Thompson was replaced by Mackenzie Bowell.

1858
Kingston Ontario - Province of Canada releases first decimal coins; only 421,000 cents are ready.

1813
Montreal Quebec - James McGill dies; merchant, philanthropist, born at Glasgow, Scotland Oct. 06, 1744; Montreal fur trader, land developer whose bequest of land and money led to the founding of McGill University.


Born on this day:

1966 - Philippe Laroche
aerobatic skier, born at Lac-Beauport, Quebec; winner of World Cup freestyle 1991, 1992 and 1994; 1992 won Olympic gold medal at Albertville; 1992 silver medal at Lillehammer; currently operates a Cage aux Sports franchise in Lac-St-Jean.

1957 - Robert Lepage
actor, director, playwright, born at Quebec City. Lepage studied at the Conservatoire d'art dramatique; 1985 produced mixed media work, Circulations; 1986 mounted one-man show, Vinci; recent works include La Trilogie des dragons (1987), Les Plaques tectoniques (1990), Les Aiguilles et l'opium (1991, plays himself, Jean Cocteau and Miles Davis) and Le Polygraphe (1992); 1989-93 French-language director of the National Arts Centre in Ottawa; 1993 directed Bluebeard's Castle by Bartok and Schoenburg's Erwartung for the Canadian Opera Company; 1995 produced Strindberg's Dream Play at the Royal Dramatic Theatre in Stockholm, Sweden.

1957 - Steve Podborski
downhill skier, born in Toronto; Canada's first World Cup Ski champion in the Downhill.

1950 - Billy Smith
NHL goaltender, was born at Perth, Ontario,. Smith was drafted by the Los Angeles Kings as their third pick in the 1970 Amateur Draft; 1971 played the Springfield Kings in their Calder Cup championship; backstopped the New York Islanders to four consecutive Stanley Cup championships 1979-83; Nov. 28, 1979 the first NHL goaltender to be credited with scoring a goal.

1942 - Jean Doré
former Mayor of Montreal.

1925 - Ted 'Teeder' Kennedy
NHL forward, born at Humberstone, Ontario. Kennedy played senior hockey at Port Colborne and joined the Toronto Maple Leafs in 1942; scored 231 goals and 560 points in 696 games; 1955 Hart Trophy; 1957 retired to run thoroughbred training centre in St Mary's.

1921 - George Mara
sportsman, Olympic athlete,. Mara was captain of the 1948 Canadian Olympic hockey team that won the gold medal at St. Moritz; 1970 started fund raising for Olympic teams, which became the Olympic Trust.

1907 - 1979 Huck Welch
football player, was born at Hamilton, Ontario. Welch joined the Hamilton Tigers in 1928; helped them win the interprovincial title and the Grey Cup; 1931 led the Montreal Winged Wheelers to the 1931 Grey Cup.

1890 - 1966 Al Ritchie
football and hockey player, coach. Ritchie was one of the organizers of the Regina Pats hockey team; coached them to the Memorial Cup 1925, 1928 and 1930; coached the Regina Pats football team to western Canadian titles in 1925-28; credited with naming the Saskatchewan Roughriders; coached them to consecutive Grey Cup finals in 1929-32; hockey scout for the New York Rangers for over 30 years.

1812 - 1872 John Sandfield Macdonald
lawyer, politician, was born at St. Raphael, Ontario; died in Cornwall, Ontario. Macdonald articled in the offices of A. McLean and W.A. Draper; 1840 called to the bar; opened a practice in Cornwall; 1841 Conservative MLA Glengarry in the first Assembly of the Province of Canada, and served in all 8 parliaments; 1843 joined Reformers; 1849-51 Robert Baldwin's Solicitor General for Canada West; 1852 Speaker of the Assembly; 1862-64 co-Premier with A-A Dorion; 1867-71 first Premier of Ontario.

1650 - ? Louis Maheu
born at Quebec City; first native-born Canadian to practice medicine; served also as harbour master of Quebec.

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December 13

1993
Ottawa Ontario - Kim Campbell resigns as leader of the Progressive Conservative Party of Canada, six months to the day after she won the leadership to succeed Brian Mulroney; led the Tories to an electoral disaster, reducing the Party to only two seats in the Commons; later appointed Canada's Consul General in Los Angeles; the MP for Vancouver Centre was Prime Minister June 15, 1993 to Nov. 04, 1993; will be replaced as leader by Jean Charest.

1990 GST GOES THROUGH AFTER 6 MONTH FILIBUSTER
Ottawa Ontario - The Senate passes the 7% Goods and Services Tax 55-49; replaces old Manufacturers Tax which penalized Canadian goods.

1979
Ottawa Ontario - Supreme Court of Canada unanimously strikes down Quebec and Manitoba laws which created unconstitutional unilingual courts and legislatures; also declares three chapters of Bill 101 unconstitutional; Quebec responds by bringing in 311 new bilingual laws, replacing laws passed in French only.

1979
Ottawa Ontario - Joe Clark 1939- loses a 139-133 vote of non-confidence in the House, during debate on John Crosbie's 'no pain, no gain' budget, after displeasing the Créditistes whose support they needed; Clark Prime Minister of the minority government since June; calls election for Feb. 18, 1980.

1968
Quebec Quebec - Quebec abolishes Legislative Council, changes name of Legislative Assembly to National Assembly; effective Dec. 31.

1947
New York City - Rangers GM Frank Boucher says face masks for goaltenders will become standard equipment in the NHL, after one of his goalies fractures a cheekbone; detractors say dressing rooms will become salons for sissies; Canadien Jacques Plante the first pro goalie to wear a face mask in Nov. 1959.

1883
Ottawa Ontario - Border fixed between Ontario and Manitoba.

1849
Toronto Ontario - George Brown popularizes the term 'Clear Grit' in the Toronto 'Globe'; originally named by party founder Peter Perry; Clear Grits were radical Canada West Reformers opposed to the policies of Baldwin & LaFontaine.

1837
Buffalo New York - William Lyon Mackenzie sets up a provisional government and proclaims a Canadian Republic on Navy Island in the Niagara River; disgusted by a lack of support, he leaves Jan. 14, 1838 and settles in New York City.

1783
Halifax Nova Scotia - Rough census shows 30,000 United Empire Loyalists now living in Nova Scotia and New Brunswick.


Born on this day:

1973 - Marie-Odile Raymond
cross-country skier, was born at Ottawa. Raymond beat out 40 other women to qualify for the fifth and final spot on the 1998 Canadian Olympic team at Nagano; came 62nd in the 15 km race.

1953 - Bob Gainey
hockey player, was born at Peterborough, Ontario. Gainey played for 16 years with the Montreal Canadiens (Captain 1981-89) and was on 5 Stanley Cup winning teams. He won the Frank J. Selke Trophy for the NHL's top defensive forward in its first 4 years of existence. In 1979 won the Conn Smythe Trophy as the most valuable performer in the playoffs. Soviet National coach Viktor Tikonov said that Gainey was the world's best technical player.

1943 - Ferguson Jenkins
major league baseball right-hander, was born at Chatham, Ontario. Jenkins' best years were spent with the Chicago Cubs where he had six consecutive 20-game winning seasons from 1967 to 1972. He was the first pitcher to reach 3000 strikeouts with less than 1000 walks. He won 284 games. pitched 4499.2 innings, and had 3192 strikeouts (the 9th highest of all time). In 1971 he won the Cy Young award, and he was one of only four pitchers to have won 100 games in both major leagues - for Philadelphia (National League) 1965-1966, Chicago (National League) 1966-1973, Texas (American League) 1974-1975, Boston (American League) 1976-1977, Texas (American League) 1978-1981 and Chicago (National League) 1982-1983. He was the first Canadian inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in Cooperstown New York.

1940 - Ken Mitchell
writer, actor, teacher, was born at Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan. Mitchell studied at the University of Saskatchewan in Regina; started writing stories and radio plays for the CBC; 1967 MA, joined English department; 1969 helped found the Saskatchewan Writers' Guild; 1977 edited anthology Horizon: Writings of the Canadian Prairie; 1980 screenplay for The Hounds of Notre Dame; fiction includes the stories Everybody Gets Something Here (1977), and the novels Wandering Rafferty (1972), The Meadowlark Connection: A Saskatchewan Thriller (1975), The Con Man (1979); plays include The Medicine Line (1976), The Shipbuilder (1979), Tommy (1986), Davin: The Politician (1979), Cruel Tears (1977) and Gone the Burning Sun (1985), a one-man show based on the life of Norman Bethune.

1937 - Ron Taylor
baseball pitcher. Taylor won two World Series rings as a reliever - in 1969 with the New York Mets and in 1964 with the St. Louis Cardinals; his post season ERA is 0.00; served as team physician to the Toronto Blue Jays during their two World Series wins; 1980 helped establish the S.C. Cooper Family Sports Medicine Clinic at Mount Sinai Hospital in Toronto.

1927 - Christopher Plummer
stage, screen and TV actor, born Arthur Christopher Orme at Toronto. Plummer apprenticed with the Montreal Repertory Theatre and started his professional career in 1948 with the Ottawa Stage Society and its successor, the Canadian Repertory Theatre; 1955 played Marc Antony in the American Shakespeare Festival's inaugural season; acted in New York, London, Stratford-upon-Avon and Chichester; 1956-67 starred at Canada's Stratford Festival;
popularly known for his roles in over 80 movies, including Stage Struck (1958), The Sound of Music (1965), Inside Daisy Clover (1966), Oedipus the King (1967), Lock Up Your Daughters! (1968), Waterloo (1970), The Man Who Would Be King (1975), The Return of the Pink Panther (1975), The Silent Partner (1978), Murder By Decree (Genie Award, 1979), Dreamscape (1984), The Boy in Blue (1986), Stage Fright (1988), Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country (1991), Wolf (1994), and others. He is the father, with Tammy Grimes, of actress Amanda Plummer.

1918 - Nick Weslock
golfer, was born at Winnipeg. Weslock took his first tournament victory in 1939 at the Southern Ontario amateur; had 405 tournament wins including 4 national, 8 Ontario amateurs, 7 Ontario Opens and 11 Ontario seniors titles; leading amateur in the Canadian Open 16 times; played at the US masters four times.

1908 - 1980 William Lewis (W.L.) Morton
historian, professor, was born at Gladstone, Manitoba; died at Medicine Hat, Alberta. Morton studied at the universities of Manitoba and Oxford; professor of history at Manitoba and Trent universities; works include The Progressive Party in Canada (1950 - Governor General's Award for Nonfiction); Manitoba: A History (1957), The Canadian Identity (1961), and The Critical Years (1964) a volume in the Canadian Centenary Series, of which he was executive editor with Donald Creighton.

1894 - 1984 Chester Ronning
teacher, diplomat, was born at Xiangfan, China; died at Camrose, Alberta. Ronning served in the Royal Flying Corps (1918), then studied at the universities of Alberta and Minnesota; 1922-27 returned to China as a teacher; 1927-42 Principal of Camrose Lutheran College; 1932 MLA in the United Farmers of Alberta government; active in the CCF; 1942-45 ran RCAF intelligence unit; 1945 entered the Department of External Affairs, 1945-51 in China; 1951-54 in Ottawa; 1954 member of the conference on Korea in Geneva; 1954-57 Ambassador to Norway; 1957-64 High Commissioner to India; 1961-62 member of the conference on Laos; 1965, 1966 sent on missions to Hanoi to mediate in the Vietnam War.

1871 - 1945 Emily Carr
painter, writer, born at Victoria BC. Carr was orphaned in her teens; 1891 studied art at the California School of Design in San Francisco; 1899-04 to England. 1910-11 to France; influenced by European impressionism, Fauvism, and cubism; 1911 returned to Victoria to paint, supporting herself by teaching art and running a boarding house, spent summers on the Queen Charlottes, grafting her own postimpressionist style onto native culture and coastal landscapes, with swirling forms and intense greens. blues and browns; 1927 invited to exhibit at the National Gallery of Canada; inspired by members of the Group of Seven painters; wrote a trilogy of memoirs: Klee Wyck (1941) about her contacts with Aboriginal culture, The Book of Small (1942) on her childhood in Victoria and The House of All Sorts (1944) about her career as a landlady; also Growing Pains (1946) an account of her entire life. Her journal, Hundreds and Thousands (1966) was published after her death.

1804 - 1873 Joseph Howe
politician, newspaper publisher, was born at Halifax, Nova Scotia. Howe took over publishing the Novascotian in 1828; 1835 acquitted of charges of criminal libel for criticizing government officials; 1836 entered politics as a Reformer; 1848 helped secure responsible, or cabinet, government; 1854 Chief Commissioner of the Nova Scotia Railway; 1860-63 Premier of Nova Scotia; 1863-66 Imperial Fishery Commissioner; 1866-68 he led the movement against Confederation until the province could get better terms; Jan 1869 entered the federal Cabinet and played a prominent role in bringing Manitoba into the union; 1873 Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia.

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December 14

1993
Montreal Quebec - Richard Barnabé beaten by 6 Montreal police officers.

1990
Winnipeg Manitoba - Canadian Wheat Board has $1 billion loss; bigger than total of all losses since founding in 1935; selling wheat for $40-50 a tonne less than it pays farmers.

1987
Toronto Ontario - Ben Johnson named Canada's Male Athlete of the Year.

1968
Montreal Quebec - FLQ terrorists plant three bombs in Montreal; two disarmed, one explodes.

1960
Ottawa Ontario - Government sets retirement age of Supreme Court judges at 75; effective March, 1961.

1956 TORIES CHOOSE DIEF AS THEIR CHIEF
Winnipeg Manitoba - John George Diefenbaker chosen as party leader on first ballot by Progressive Conservative Party, replacing George Drew; wins 744 votes, to Donald Fleming's 393 and Davie Fulton's 117.

1929
Ontario - Canada hands over control of and revenue from, land, water, oil and other provincial natural resources to Manitoba and Alberta; under the Natural Resources Transfer Agreement; unlike other Canadian provinces, the prairie provinces did not receive control over mineral resources or Crown lands when they became provinces; agreement made with Saskatchewan and British Columbia the following year; BC a Crown colony when it joined Confederation, with control over its resources, but transferred most to federal jurisdiction when it transferred provincial railway lands to Ottawa in the 1880s.

1916
Quebec Quebec - Quebec bans women from entering the legal profession.

1837
St-Eustache, Quebec - Sir John Colborne leads 1,200 British regulars, a regiment of 600 from the Quebec garrison commanded by Wetherall and Maitland, and 200 militia to the town of St-Eustache, in the County of Deux-Montagnes 31 km northwest of Montreal; most Patriotes have fled, but 400 rebels remain, led by Dr. Jean-Olivier Chénier and Amury Girod, holed up in the church, the presbytery, the convent and neighbouring houses; after noon Colborne gives the order to attack; nearly 100 rebels are killed, including Chénier, in five hours of withering British cannon and grapeshot fire; 18 taken prisoner and the village burned to the ground.

1837
Brantford Ontario - Charles Duncombe and his rebel followers disperse as Alan MacNab's militia approaches from Hamilton.


Born on this day:

1971 - Chris Therien
NHL defenseman, born at Ottawa; selected by the Philadelphia Flyers in the third round (47th pick overall) of the 1990 NHL Entry Draft; member of the 1994 Canadian National Team that won the silver medal in the 1994 Winter Olympics in Lillehammer, Norway.

1966 - Bill Ranford
NHL goaltender, born at Brandon, Manitoba; selected by the Boston Bruins in the third round (52nd pick overall) of the 1985 NHL Entry Draft; traded by the Edmonton Oilers to the Boston Bruins for Sean Brown, Mariusz Czerkawski and a 1996 first-round draft choice on Jan. 11, 1996; acquired from Washington for a 1998 third-round draft pick and a 1999 second-round pick; acquired by Tampa Bay Lightning.

1959 - Dave Steen
decathlete, Olympic medalist. Steen's thirteen year decathlon career was capped with a Bronze Medal performance (8328 points) in the ten-sport event at the 1988 Seoul Olympiad; Steen is a vocal advocate against drugs in sport.

1954 - Steve MacLean
physicist, astronaut, born at Ottawa. MacLean earned his doctorate in physics from York University; Dec 1983 entered the Canadian Astronaut Program; trained as a payload specialist involved in improving the efficiency of the Space Shuttle's Canadian-made Canadarm remote manipulator; Oct. 22 - Nov. 01, 1992 third Canadian to fly in space, aboard the Shuttle Discovery; tested TV vision system for controlling the Canadarm.

1921 - Deanna Durbin
actor, born Edna Mae Durbin at Winnipeg, Manitoba. Durbin was the highest paid female star in the world at age 14, and by age 18 her income was $250,000 a year. She was bigger than Judy Garland - in fact the two broke into pictures at the same time. She was blessed with a lovely singing voice, and her rendition of One Fine Day, from Madame Butterfly, with Leopold Stokowski conducting, was famous. She was a major Hollywood vehicle, with Deanna Durbin dolls and dresses, and her first screen kiss was a sensation. But at the peak of her career she abandoned Hollywood and now lives in total seclusion in the French village of Neauphlé-le-Château. Her major motion pictures were Three Smart Girls, Mad About Music and That Certain Age.

1850 - 1928 Cecil Edward Denny
NWMP officer, Indian agent, author, born at Hampshire, England, the 6th baronet of Tralee Castle; died at Edmonton. Denny joined the North West Mounted Police in 1874 and served in the Whoop-Up country; resigned following a scandal involving a woman; served as Indian agent at Fort Walsh, in Treaty No 7 and as a special Indian agent during the North West Rebellion; worked as police scout, packer, guide and fire ranger; 1922-27 Assistant Archivist of Alberta; author of The Riders of the Plains: A Reminiscence of the Early and Exciting Days in the North West (1905) and The Law Marches West (1939).

1837 - 1901 Arthur Hardy
lawyer, politician, born at Mount Pleasant, near Brantford, Ontario; died at Toronto. Hardy began his career as a lawyer and city solicitor in Brantford; 1873 elected liberal MPP for South Brant; 1877-79 Provincial Secretary; 1889-96 Commissioner of Crown Lands, bringing in timber and mining legislation and establishing Algonquin Park to protest the headwaters of Ontario rivers; July 1896 succeeded Oliver Mowat as Ontario Premier and Attorney General; 1898 won narrow electoral victory; 1899 resigned for reasons of health.

1807 - 1885 Francis Hincks
politician, colonial administrator, born at Cork, Ireland; died at Montreal. Hincks founded the Toronto Examiner newspaper in 1838; 1841 joined with Robert Baldwin in his alliance with L.H. LaFontaine to create the Reform Party; 1842 entered the Bagot government; 1843 resigned over control of patronage; 1844 founded the Montreal Pilot newspaper; 1848 Inspector General in the Baldwin-LaFontaine ministry; 1851 replaced Baldwin as leader; 1854 defeated in the election; 1856-69 served as governor of 2 Caribbean colonies; 1869 Minister of Finance in Macdonald government; 1874 retired to private business.

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December 15

1995
Quebec Quebec - Jacques Parizeau resigns as Quebec's 26th Premier; after referendum loss and comments about being defeated by the ethnic vote and money.

1988
Ottawa Ontario - Supreme Court strikes down sections of Quebec's Bill 101 requiring that commercial signs be in French only; called an unreasonable violation of freedom of expression. On Dec. 18, Robert Bourassa will exercise Clause 33 of the Charter of Rights, the 'notwithstanding clause', Quebec's constitutional right to override the decision; also passes Bill 178 requiring French only on outside signs; permits bilingual signs inside; three of his anglophone cabinet ministers resign, and on Dec. 19, Premier Gary Filmon withdraws his resolution to ratify Meech Lake from the Manitoba legislature.

1979
St. Catherines, Ontario - Photo editor Chris Haney and sportswriter Scott Abbott devise the Trivial Pursuit board game, with a current events theme; form investor group with Haney's brother John and friend Ed Werner, and 30 others, including a copyboy from their newspaper; raised $40,000, rented an office and paid some of their help with shares; first 1,100 sets cost $75 each to manufacture; sold to retailers for $15 a game; took off at 1983 New York Toy Fair when distributed by US game company Selchow and Righter; now in 19 different languages.

1973
USA - Canadian jockey Sandy Hawley first jockey to win 500 races in one year.

1964
Ottawa Ontario - Commons votes 163-78 to adopt design for a new National Flag of Canada at 2 am, after closure invoked December 14, and a total of 250 speeches; Senate approval followed Dec. 17; Royal Proclamation signed by Her Majesty Jan. 28, 1965; flag officially unfurled Feb. 15, 1965; based on a Royal Military College design suggested by George Stanley; Canada's official flag from 1867 had been Britain's Union Flag, although the Red Ensign with the Canadian badge was regularly flown for qualified purposes; the red and white colours and the maple leaf emblem were authorized by George V on Nov. 21, 1921, as advocated by A. Fortescue Duguid.

1941
Ottawa Ontario - Cabinet War Committee discusses financial aid to Britain; 'the billion dollar gift'.

1919
Ottawa Ontario - Government proclaims general amnesty for those who avoided conscription during World War I.

1913
Toronto Ontario - Irving Berlin attends opening of Loew's Yonge Street Theatre (today the Elgin), a vaudeville house; premieres his new song, The International Rag; theatre closed in 1982, but renovated and reopened in 1985 as the Elgin and Winter Garden Theatre.

1701
Louisiana USA - Pierre Le Moyne d'Iberville 1661-1706 reaches Louisiana and moves settlers to Massacre (Dauphin) Island, to prepare for Mobile River colony.

1629
Paris France - Samuel de Champlain returns home after meeting with the King of France regarding the settlement and trade at Quebec.


Born on this day:

1925 - Sam Pollock
hockey player, manager, born at Montreal, Quebec. Pollock played in the Montreal Canadiens minor system, and started scouting for them in 1947; 1950 Director of Personnel; 1964 V-P and General Manager; during his tenure the Canadiens won an astonishing 9 Stanley Cups in 14 seasons (1965-78); also assembled the national team that won the Canada Cup in 1976.

1924 - Robert Salter
orthopedic surgeon, professor, was born at Stratford, Ontario. Salter was appointed to Toronto's Hospital for Sick Children and the University of Toronto in 1955; 1957 Chief of Orthopedic Surgery in 1957; 1966 Surgeon in Chief; 1976 appointed head of Orthopedics at U of T; originated concept of continuous passive motion (CPM) of joints to stimulate cartilage regeneration; has written a textbook on the musculo-skeletal system.

1924 - Ida Haendel
violinist, was born at Chelm, Poland. Haendel was a child prodigy in her native Poland; immigrated to England before World War II; 1952 immigrated to Canada and settled in Montreal; has performed with the Montreal, Toronto and Vancouver symphony orchestras; 1977 gave the Canadian premiere of Benjamin Britten's Concerto with a CBC orchestra conducted by Franz-Paul Decker.

1896 - 1976 Margaret Bannerman
film actress, was born at Toronto. Bannerman started in silent pictures in 1918.

1878 - 1954 Robert Meldrum Stewart
astronomer, was born at Gladstone, Manitoba; died at Ottawa. Stewart served as astronomer at the Dominion Observatory, Ottawa, 1902-24; 1924-46 Director of the Dominion Observatory; established a time service within the government offices in Ottawa which ultimately became the NRC official time signal.

1870 - 1917 Richard McBride
lawyer, politician, was born at New Westminster British Columbia; died in London England. McBride got his law degree at Dalhousie University in 1890; 1898 first elected to the BC legislature; 1900-01 serves in the Dunsmuir cabinet; 1903 June 01 forms the first government in BC based on party lines when his Conservatives narrowly win the election; campaigns for better terms from Ottawa, delivers the BC federal vote to Borden in 1908 and 1911, and when World War I threatens, buys two British submarines to defend the province; 1915 Dec. 15 retires to London as BC Agent General.

1860 - 1940 John DeGruchy
footballer, sports manager. DeGruchy served as President of the Ontario Rugby Football Union for 25 years; also President of the Canadian Rugby Union 1925, 1930 and 1935.

1850 - 1976 Joseph-Alphonse Couture
veterinarian, was born at Ste-Claire, Quebec; died at Quebec City. Couture served in the Canadian militia 1866-68 against the Fenians; 1868-70 served in the Papal Zouaves; 1870-73 studied at the Montreal Veterinary College and McGill; 1876-78 lectured in animal anatomy to French-speaking students at Montreal Veterinary College; 1878 federal veterinary inspector in Quebec City; 1879-1922 Superintendent of the Animal Quarantine Station at Lévis; 1882 published first Canadian textbook on breeding and livestock diseases.

1842 - 1915 Neil McLeod
lawyer, politician, judge, was born on this day at Uigg, PEI, in 1842; died at Summerside, PEI, Oct. 19, 1915). McLeod was called to the PEI Bar in 1872; 1879 elected to the Legislative Assembly; 1882 and 1886 re-elected; 1889-91 Conservative Premier of Prince Edward Island; 1892 appointed judge for Prince County.

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December 16

1994
Quebec - Bloc québécois and Parti québécois organizations join forces to fight in the referendum campaign.

1992 SPAN OF GREEN CABLES ??
Charlottetown PEI - Ottawa, New Brunswick and PEI sign deal to build 13 km $800 m bridge to mainland; Ottawa to supply $60 m for roads and redevelop Borden, Cape Tormentine; the Confederation Bridge does not yet have a name.

1991
Halifax Nova Scotia - Bernard Bradley performs Canada's first transplant of fetal tissue to battle effects of Parkinson's disease; Victoria General Hospital procedure stimulates dopamine.

1953
Ottawa Ontario - Parliament passes Bill to establish Department of Northern Affairs and Natural Resources.

1949
London England - British Parliament amends British North America Act; Canadian Parliament can now amend the Constitution in federal matters only.

1910
Ottawa Ontario - Group of 800 farmers marches on Ottawa, to demand US reciprocity and more preference for British goods.

1895
Port Menier, Quebec - French chocolate baron Henri Menier acquires Anticosti Island in the St. Lawrence for $125,000; builds a chateau and imports a herd of deer for hunting; previous attempts at colonization had failed.

1891
Quebec Quebec - Honoré Mercier dismissed as Premier of Quebec by Lieutenant-Governor Auguste-Réal Angers; after a federal Senate inquiry and provincial Royal Commission found he awarded subsidies for the Baie des Chaleurs Railway in return for Liberal party funds. In 1902, he is indicted for corruption, but is acquitted Nov. 04, 1892.

1884
St. Laurent, Saskatchewan - Louis Riel helps the Metis of St. Laurent send petition on Metis grievances and demands to the Secretary of State in Ottawa.


Born on this day:

1967 - Donovan Bailey
track athlete, 100m, 4x100m, born at Manchester, Jamaica; grew up in Oakville, Ontario; has business diploma from Sheridan College; 1996 Atlanta Olympics: anchored Canada's Gold Medal Olympic Relay Team (4x100m), and won the 100 m in a world record time of 9.84 seconds; 1997 second at the World Championships (9.91), plus gold medal as a member of the 4x100m Relay Team.

1960 - André-Philippe Gagnon
humorist, entertainer; mimic, master of a thousand voices; his tour de force was a celebrated rendition of the 18 voices on We Are the World, that he repeated to universal acclaim on the Tonight Show with Johnny Carson.

1931 - Kenneth Gilbert
musician, musicologist, born at Montreal. Gilbert won the Quebec government's Prix d'Europe for organ in 1953; produced new editions of the harpsichord works of Couperin, Rameau and Scarlatti; 1965 started performing in North America and Europe as a harpsichord recitalist; recorded complete harpsichord works of Couperin (1970-71) and Rameau (1976), and J.S. Bach's Goldberg Variations (1987).

1916 - Harry Gunning
chemist, professor, born at Toronto. Gunning earned a PhD in chemistry at the University of Toronto in 1942; 1957 Professor and Head of the Chemistry Department at University of Alberta; board member of the Alberta Oil Sands Technology and Research Authority; founded Chembiomed Ltd. and the Edmonton Research and Development Park.

1913 - 1989 George Ignatieff
diplomat, born at St. Petersburg, Russia,; died in Sherbrooke Quebec. Ignatieff joined the Department of External Affairs in 1940; 1956-58 Canadian Ambassador to Yugoslavia; 1963-66 Canadian permanent representative to NATO; 1966-69 Canada's Ambassador to the United Nations; 1968-69 President of the Security Council; 1972-79 Provost of Trinity College; 1980-86 Chancellor of the University of Toronto; 1985 published memoirs, The Making of a Peacemonger; 1986 he was Brockington lecturer, Queen's University.

1899 - 1994 Gérard Parizeau
financier, insurance broker, professor, born at Montreal; died at St Lambert, Quebec. Parizeau studied at the École des hautes études commerciales at the University of Montreal; 1920-25 worked in the civil service; 1925 head of the francophone section of Irish & Maulson, insurance brokers; 1925 founded L'Actualité économique; 1928 started teaching at the École des hautes études commerciales; 1938 founded his own brokerage house; 1961 co-founder of reinsurance brokerage house Le Blanc, Eldridge, Parizeau; 1965 acquired La Nationale, the Canadian subsidiary of La Nationale of Paris; 1972 founded Sodarcan management group with his son Robert; his other son Jacques became of the Parti Québécois and Premier of Quebec.

1871 - 1931 Ernest G. Shipman
film producer, movie promoter, born at Ottawa/Hull; died at New York City. Shipman studied at Ryerson Institute in Toronto; 1912 moved to California to work as a publicist, agent; 1918 got film rights of James Oliver Curwood's Canadian stories; 1919 set up a company and studio in Calgary to film Back to God's Country (1919), Cameron of the Royal Mounted (1921), God's Crucible (1921) and Blue Water (1924 - not released); known as 'Ten Percent Ernie', he founded the Canadian Entertainment Bureau in Toronto and production companies in Winnipeg, Ottawa, Sault Ste Marie and Saint John; 1931 moved to New York to promote theatre stock companies..

1862 - 1929 Charles Harriss
organist, choirmaster, conductor, born at London, England; died at Ottawa. Harriss was appointed to St Alban's, Ottawa, in 1882; then Christ Church Cathedral, Montreal; 1900 returned to Ottawa; 1924 music director of the British Empire Exhibition in Wembley.

1831 - 1904 Henri-Raymond Casgrain
priest, critic, biographer, born at Rivière-Ouelle, Quebec; died at Quebec City Jan. 12, 1904. Casgrain entered the priesthood in 1856; taught at Collège Ste-Anne-de-la-Pocatière; served as vicar at Beauport, then Notre-Dame de Québec; 1861-65 founding editor of literary magazine Les Soirées canadiennes; 1863-66 ditto Le Foyer canadien; books include Légendes canadiennes (1861); as well as biographies of Marie de L'Incarnation (1864), François-Xavier Garneau (1866), Philippe-Joseph Aubert de Gaspé (1871), Francis Parkman (1872) and Antoine Gérin-Lajoie (1886).

1819 - 1903 James Carmichael
financier, politician, born at New Glasgow, Nova Scotia, son of the founder of the town, James Carmichael. Carmichael was a prominent shipowner and merchant; 1882 invested in Nova Scotia Steel, Canada's first steel company; 1867-71, Liberal MP; defeated for his anti-Confederation, pro-free trade views; 1874-78 re-elected; 1899-1903 Senator.

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December 17

1996
Chechnya - Bandits kill 51-year-old Vancouver nurse Nancy Malloy and five other International Red Cross aid workers.

1982
Brussels Belgium - European Economic Community bans import of harp and hooded seal pelts, main market for the fur.

1974
Quebec - Pierre Laporte cleared of charges linking him with organized crime; by the Quebec Commission on Organized Crime; late Quebec Labour Minister killed by FLQ terrorists in 1970.

1969
Ottawa Ontario - Bank of Canada to print new bank notes; portraits of former Prime Ministers to replace Queen; Laurier on $5, Macdonald on $10, King on $50, Borden on $100.

1945
Ottawa Ontario - Mackenzie King Cabinet passes three orders-in-council providing for the deportation of five classes of Japanese Canadians.

1939
Ottawa Ontario - Canada signs British Commonwealth Air Training Plan, a $1.281 billion program to train pilots, navigators, wireless operators and gunners from UK, Canada, Australia and NZ; instructors from the Royal Canadian Air Force working at 107 schools and 184 ancillary units across Canada will eventually train 130,000 Allied aircrew.

1917
Canada - Robert Laird Borden leads Unionist government to victory in general election, 153 seats to 82 for the Liberals (62 of which are from Quebec); wins only three seats in Quebec due to opposition to conscription.

1917
Ottawa Ontario - Samuel William Jacobs from Montreal the first Jewish Canadian elected to the House of Commons.

1875
Montreal Quebec - Violent bread riots at Montreal.

1864
USA - US requires passports for entry from British North America for the first time.


Born on this day:

1976 - Eric Bédard
speed skater, born at Shawinigan, Quebec; brought up in the village of Ste-Thècle; Bédard won the bronze in the 1000 m short track event, and gold as a member of the 5000 m relay team (in 7:06.075), with Derrick Campbell, François Drolet and Marc Gagnon, at the Nagano Winter Olympics.

1967 - Vincent Damphousse
NHL centre; selected by the Toronto Maple Leafs in the first round (sixth pick overall) of the 1986 NHL Entry Draft; traded by the Edmonton Oilers with 1993 fourth-round draft pick (Adam Wiesel) to the Montreal Canadiens for Shayne Corson, Vladimir Vujtek and Brent Gilchrist.

1965 - Craig Berube
NHL left winger, born at Calihoo, Alberta; traded by the Calgary Flames to the Washington Capitals for fifth-round draft pick (Darryl LaFrance) on June 26, 1993.


1953 - Mark Gane
guitarist, keyboardist, songwriter, was born at Toronto. Gane played for Martha & The Muffins.

1946 - Eugene Levy
comedian, comedy writer, was born at Hamilton, Ontario. Levy is best known for his SCTV Network characters Earl Camembert, Bobby Bittman, Sid Dithers, and the Shmenge brothers' Stan; won Emmy for writing The Energy Ball/Sweeps Week.

1931 - Peter Kirby
geologist, bobsledder. Kirby was a member of Canada's national ski team when he decided to bobsledding; joined Victor and John Emery and Doug Anakin to train for international competition; 1964 won gold medal at Innsbruck Winter Olympics, Canada's first bobsled gold; also took 4th place with Victor Emery in the two man event; 1965 won the World Championships in St. Moritz Switzerland with Victor Emery Jerry Presley and Michael Young.

1929 - Frances Dafoe
figure skater, judge, fashion designer. Dafoe won the 1948 Canadian junior ladies championship; coach Sheldon Galbraith paired her with 1947 men's singles champion Norris Bowden; 1952 5th at Chamonix Winter Olympics; 1954 won World Pairs championship, a first for Canadians; 1955 defended World Pairs; 1956 won Pairs silver medal at Cortina Winter Olympics.

1874 - 1950 William Lyon Mackenzie King
public servant, politician, Canada's 10th Prime Minister, is born at Kitchener (then Berlin) Ontario; dies in Ottawa. Son of John King and Isabel Mackenzie (daughter of 1837 Rebellion leader William Lyon Mackenzie). He attends local schools, then the University of Chicago and Harvard, before going to work for the Rockefellers as an industrial relations consultant, then joining the public service in Ottawa as Deputy Minister of Labour.

1796 - 1865 Thomas C. Haliburton
judge, author, was born at Halifax Nova Scotia; died at Isleworth, Middlesex, England. Haliburton was the creator of Sam Slick, a resourceful Yankee clock peddler and cracker-barrel philosopher; first Canadian writer to get recognition outside the country.

1619 - 1682 Prince Rupert
soldier, scientist, investor, was born at Prague, Czech Republic; died at London, England; after his parents were deposed as rulers of Bohemia, Rupert became a professional soldier, gravitating to England where he helped his cousin King Charles I as a Royalist cavalry commander in the English Civil War (1642-51); returned with the restoration of Charles II, and headed the investors group that in 1670 got a charter for the Hudson's Bay Company, and title to all lands draining into Hudson Bay; first Governor of the HBC.

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December 18

1997
Halifax, Nova Scotia - Nova Scotia government apologizes for 1992 Westray mine explosion that killed 26 miners.

1988 FRENCH ONLY OUTSIDE
Quebec Quebec - Robert Bourassa passes Bill 178 requiring French only on outside signs; permits bilingual signs inside; exercises Quebec's constitutional right, Clause 33 of the Charter of Rights, the 'notwithstanding clause', to override the Dec. 15 decision of the Supreme Court, striking down sections of Quebec's Bill 101 requiring that commercial signs be in French only; a decision that called these sections an unreasonable violation of freedom of expression.

1979
Ottawa Ontario - Liberal leader Pierre Trudeau decides to postpone his retirement; will lead the Party back to power in majority win over Conservatives.

1971
Windsor Ontario - Thieves steal over $1 million from Windsor branch of the Royal Bank; 6 arrested several days later.

1950
Pusan Korea - 2nd Battalion, Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry, lands at Pusan; first Canadian troops in Korea.

1946
Lethbridge Alberta - Four German prisoners of war hanged at the Lethbridge Provincial Jail for the murder of fellow prisoner Cpl. Karl Lehmann at the Medicine Hat POW camp in Sept. 1944.

1941
Kowloon, Hong Kong - Japanese troops cross the Lye Mun Passage after dark, in assault boats, landing craft and small boats towed by ferry steamers, to attack Hong Kong island; two platoons of the Winnipeg Grenadiers deployed to seize the hills known as Jardine's Lookout and Mount Butler where they engaged in intense fighting; heavily outnumbered, they are cut to pieces and both platoon commanders killed; the following day Brigadier Lawson is killed when the Japanese surround his West Brigade headquarters. All British and Canadian forces in Hong Kong will surrender on Christmas Day; Canadians lose 290 dead in battle, with 493 wounded; a total of 557 were killed or later died in Japanese prison camps.

1940
Britain - Munitions Minister Clarence Decatur 'CD' Howe joins 152 other survivors of torpedoed liner 'Western Prince' in arriving safely in England.

1813
Lewiston New York - John Murray leads 500 British and Canadians in capture of old Fort Niagara from the Americans in the War of 1812; Fort Niagara; captures 300 prisoners; Phineas Riall leads party of Indians in 2 week raid on Manchester, Fort Schlosser, Black Rock and Buffalo.

1792
Quebec Quebec - Jean-Antoine Panet elected first President of the Lower Canada Assembly, which met in the Bishop's Palace at the top of Côte de la Montagne; already Speaker; first Quebec elections.


Born on this day:

1978 - Daniel Cleary
NHL lefwinger with the Chicago Blackhawks, born at Carbonear, Newfoundland.

1972 - Jeff Nielsen
NHL centre with the Anaheim Mighty Ducks, born at Prince Albert, Saskatchewan.

1961 - Brian Orser
figure skater, born in Belleville, Ontario. Orser started skating at age 6; 1979 Canadian junior champion; 1981 Canadian men's title, first of seven in a row; 1983 bronze medal at the world championships; 1984 silver medal at Sarajevo Olympics; 1987 gold at World Championship in Cincinnati Ohio, the first Canadian male in 24 years; silver medal at the 1988 Calgary Olympic Games behind American Brian Boitano, losing the famous Battle of the Brians by the smallest of margins; 1988 retired to a professional career after 1988 World Championships, where he won three perfect 6.0s for artistic impression; 1990 won an Emmy for role in Carmen on Ice; has done live commentary on CTV; 1992 covered the Olympics for Macleans magazine; has produced a number of benefit shows, including Skate the Dream (1992, 1994), Rekindle the Flame (1993), Rhapsody in Blue, and The Big Skate with Brian Orser (1995).

1960 - James Thompson
speedboat racer, designer, builder of Miss Supertest series of unlimited hydroplane boats; 1959, 1960 and 1961 won the Harmsworth Trophy with Miss Supertest III; 1961 retired from racing when his friend and driver Bob Hayward was killed in the Detroit River Silver Cup.

1950 - Martha Johnson
singer, songwriter, of Martha and the Muffins, was born at Toronto.

1931 - 1983 Gratien Lapointe
poet, professor, publisher, born at Sainte-Justine-de-Dorchester, Quebec; died at Trois-Rivires. Lapointe studied at the Petit Séminaire de Québec, the école des arts graphiques in Montréal, l'Université de Montréal, the Collège de France and the Sorbonne; works include Jour malaisé (1953) Otages de la joie (1955), Ode au Saint-Laurent (1963), and, in the 1980s, Arbre-radar, Barbare inou•, Corps et graphies, Corps de l'instant and Le Premier Paysage; taught at Collge militaire royale Saint-Jean and l'Université Québec à Trois-Rivières (1969), while operatingécrits des Forges, a publishing house for poets.

1927 - Roméo LeBlanc
journalist, politician, Governor General of Canada, born at L'Anse-aux-Cormiers, Memramcook, New Brunswick. LeBlanc studied at St Joseph's University (now University of Moncton) and the Sorbonne; 1950s taught in New Brunswick; 1960 joined Radio-Canada as a journalist; 1967-71 press secretary to Lester Pearson and Pierre Trudeau; 1971 returned to the University of Moncton as director of public relations; 1972 elected to the House of Commons as a Liberal; 1974 Minister of State for fisheries, overseeing expansion of Canada's territorial waters to its current 200-mile limit; 1976 first Minister of Fisheries and Environment; 1980 Minister of Fisheries and Oceans; 1982 Minister of Public Works; 1984 called to the Senate by Pierre Trudeau; 1995 appointed Governor General to succeed Ray Hnatyshyn, the first Maritimer and first Canadian of Acadian descent to hold the office.

1904 - 1996 Wilf Carter
country singer, songwriter, born at Port Hilford, Nova Scotia, son of a Baptist minister; died in Scottsdale, Arizona. Carter worked as a logger in the woods of West Leichester, NS; moved to Alberta in the 1920s; worked as a cowboy, CPR trail ride and barn dance entertainer; 1930 made radio debut on Calgary's CFCN, which hired him to sing on a popular Friday night show, The Old Timers; 1934 recorded 'My Swiss Moonlight Lullaby' and 'The Capture of Albert Johnson' with RCA Victor in Montreal; became a US radio star using the stage name Montana Slim; 1937 left New York and bought a ranch near Calgary; 1940 seriously injured in a car crash, which stopped live performing until 1949; had a six decade long career live and on radio and TV; 1984 Calgary Stampede parade marshal.

1849 - 1931 Henrietta Edwards
women's rights activist, born Henrietta Muir at Montreal; died at Fort Macleod, Alberta. Edwards founded the Working Girls' Association in 1875 to provide vocational training; edited the journal, Women's Work in Canada; 1893 helped Lady Aberdeen found the National Council of Women and the Victorian Order of Nurses; one of Alberta's 'Famous Five' in the Persons Case that went before the British Privy Council; author of The Legal Status of Women in Alberta (1921).

1846 - 1888 Aaron Allan Edson
artist, born at Standbridge, Quebec; died at Glen Sutton, Quebec. Edson studied in the 1860s with Robert Duncanson, an American artist living in Montreal, and in London, England; 1868 founding exhibitor of the Society of Canadian Artists; lived in Cernay-la-Ville, France, in the early 1880s, 1886-87 in London; 1887 settled in the Eastern Townships; landscapes include Sheep in Landscape (1869), and The Coming Storm, Lake Memphremagog (1880).

1840 - 1906 James Dumaresq
architect, born at Sydney, Nova Scotia; died at Halifax. Dumaresq studied at Acadia and started his practice in 1870; work includes the Forrest Building at Dalhousie University, the Pine Hill Library and St Mary's Girls' School in Halifax, and the Legislative Buildings in Fredericton.

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December 19

1997
Los Angeles, California - Canadian director James Cameron's epic 'Titanic' opens in movie theatres; will become the highest grossing film ever made; with theme song by Céline Dion.

1984
Montreal Quebec - Scotty Bowman becomes NHL's all time winningest coach; today the most successful coach in any major league sport.

1977
Ottawa Ontario - Ottawa ends commercial relations with South Africa, to protest Apartheid racial policies.

1975
Toronto Ontario - Bertha Wilson appointed to Ontario Court of Appeal; first woman in Canada named to a provincial court of appeal; later the first woman appointed to the Supreme Court of Canada.

1973
Montreal Quebec - Montreal Symphony Orchestra able to keep operating with financial aid from citizens, businesses, and governments.

1961
Ottawa Ontario - John George Diefenbaker speaks to Queen Elizabeth by new CANTAT cable carrying voice, picture, and teletype messages; first link in new round-the-world Commonwealth communications system.

1927
England - Albert 'Frenchy' Belanger beats England's Ernie Jarvis over 12 rounds to win the World Flyweight Championship by decision; 112 lb boxer from Toronto' Cabbagetown retired in 1930 after six years and 61 pro bouts which included 13 KO's, 24 decisions, 7 draws and 17 losses.

1904
Dawson City Yukon - Dawson City hockey team starts walking towards Seattle to catch a train to Ottawa to play in the Stanley Cup on Jan 13 1905.

1917
Quebec City - Quebec Bulldogs play their first professional hockey game.

1837
St-Eustache Quebec - John Colborne frees 64 of the 120 Patriote prisoners taken at St-Eustache, then returns to Montreal.


Born on this day:

1944 - Zalman 'Zal' Yanovsky
singer, guitarist, songwriter, was born at New York City; grew up in Toronto; 1965 with his folk singer friend John Sebastian teamed up with rockers Steve Boone and Joe Butler to form The Lovin' Spoonful; hits included Do You Believe in Magic, Daydream, You Didn't Have to be So Nice, Nashville Cats and Summer in the City; 1967 left the band to pursue a solo career.

1942 - John Godfrey
academic, editor, politician, was born at Toronto. Godfrey studied at the universities of Toronto and Oxford; 1970 taught at Dalhousie University; 1977 President of King's College, Dalhousie; 1987 published Capitalism at War; 1987 Editor of the Financial Post; 1991 VP of the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research; 1993 elected as an MP for the federal Liberal party.

1928 - Galt MacDermot
composer, was born at Montreal, the son of a Canadian diplomat. MacDermot is best known for his music in Hair, and his Tony Award Winning score to Two Gentlemen of Verona. He has created musicals (The Human Comedy, Steel), ballet scores (Salome), film scores (Cotton Comes To Harlem, Fortune and Mans Eyes, Mistress), chamber music (Wind Quintet), the Anglican Liturgy, poetry (Thomas Hardy) and drama accompaniments (The Sun Always Shines For The Cool, and The Shooting of Dan McGrew) and band repertory.

1924 - 1990 Doug Harvey
NHL defenseman, born at Montreal. Harvey joined the Canadiens in 1947-48; won the James Norris Trophy as outstanding defenseman 7 times playing for the Montreal Canadiens and New York Rangers. With Harvey anchoring their defense and controlling the pace, the Canadiens won 5 consecutive Stanley Cups starting in 1956. Harvey was selected as a first team all-star 10 times. He was traded to the New York Rangers in 1961 where he became a player/coach for one season. In 1968-69, Harvey was acquired by the expansion St. Louis Blues, and he finished off his playing career that year by helping the Blues reach the Stanley Cup finals. His career point total is 88 goals and 452 assists in 1113 regular-season games and 8 goals and 64 assists in 137 playoff games.

1909 - 1981 John Glassco
poet, translator, was born at Montreal. Glassco fled Montreal to Paris at age 20; 1932 returned to Canada with near fatal illness; works include Memoirs of Montparnasse (1970); Selected Poems (Governor General's 1971), The Fatal Woman (1974), and a translation of the Complete Poems of Saint-Denys-Garneau (1975).

1907 - 2004 Jimmy McLarnin
boxer, was born at Belfast, Ireland. McLarnin moved to Vancouver at age 3, started boxing at age 12; 1923-24 turned professional under the guidance of Pop Foster at age 16, and went undefeated in 19 welterweight bouts; moved to Los Angeles, then New York; won the world welterweight crown twice in his 13 years in the ring; 1933 knocked out 'Young' Corbett III at 2:37 of the first round; 1934 lost his title to Barney Ross, won it back the same year, then lost again in 1935; earned over half a million dollars from his fights which he invested well enough to last his lifetime; 1936 retired after 77 pro bouts, winning 20 by KO, 42 by decision, 1 on a foul and 3 draws, and losing 10 by decision.

1853 - 1942 Charles Fitzpatrick
lawyer, politician, jurist, was born at Quebec City. Fitzpatrick studied law at Laval, and was called to the bar in 1876; 1885 chief counsel for Louis Riel; 1891 counsel for Honoré Mercier after his dismissal from office; 1890-96 Liberal MLA in Quebec; 1896-1906 MP; 1896 Laurier's Solicitor General; 1902 Minister of Justice; 1906 Chief Justice of Canada; 1918-23 Lieutenant Governor of Quebec.

1804 - 1892 John Medley
Anglican minister, was born at Chelsea, England; died at Fredericton. Medley studied at Wadham College, Oxford; 1845 appointed first Anglican bishop of Fredericton; 1853 consecrated cathedral designed by architect Frank Wills.

1790 - 1855 William Parry
naval officer, arctic explorer, was born at Bath, England; died at Bad Ems, Rhineland-Palatinate July 08, 1855. Parry served as a midshipman in the Royal Navy in the Baltic and North Sea until 1812; 1812-17 served in North America and in 5 arctic expeditions; 1818 commanded an expedition through Baffin Bay to Ellesmere Island; 1819 to Melville Island by way of Lancaster Sound (first ships to cross 110° W); 1821 sailed through Foxe Basin and discovered Fury and Hecla Strait; 1824 sailed down Prince Regent Inlet; HMS Hecla wrecked; 1827 sailed from Svalbard north to 82° 45" N, a record not broken for fifty years.

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December 20

1990
Montreal Quebec - Jean Campeau and Michel Bélanger finish their hearings, after some 200 briefs and 600 submissions; special Joint Commission set up by Robert Bourassa and Jacques Parizeau to study Quebec's relationship with Canada; first Bélanger-Campeau report will state that the cost of Quebec independence will be minimal; recommends a referendum on sovereignty by October if Quebec did not receive a suitable offer from the rest of Canada.

1982
Montreal Quebec - Paul Rose freed from jail on parole; former FLQ terrorist sentenced to life imprisonment Mar. 31, 1971 for the murder of Quebec Labour Minister Pierre Laporte.

1974
Ottawa Ontario - Parliament increases number of seats in the House of Commons from 264 to 282; effective at the next federal election.

1943
Ortona Italy - Maj-Gen Christopher Vokes and the 1st Canadian Division ordered to take the medieval seaport of Ortona, as part of the advance of General Montgomery's Eighth Army up the Italian Adriatic coast; Royal Edmonton Regiment and Seaforth Highlanders of Canada attack from the south, since the town flanked by sea cliffs on the north and east and by a deep ravine to the west; Canadians suffer heavy casualties before German forces withdraw on the night of Dec 27; 1,372 Canadians killed at Ortona - almost 25% of all Canadians killed in the Mediterranean theatre.

1919
Ottawa Ontario - Cabinet passes Order in Council creating the government owned Canadian National Railways, to unite and rescue five near-bankrupt railroads: the Grand Trunk, Grand Trunk Pacific, Canadian Northern, Intercolonial and Canadian Government Railways [National Transcontinental]. The new CNR system is the longest in North America, with over 50,000 km of track in the US and Canada.

1893
Quebec Quebec - Official opening of the Chateau Frontenac hotel in Quebec City.

1883
Queenston Ontario - Opening of first cantilever bridge between the US and Canada over the Niagara River gorge. The 150 metre long structure is the first to be called a cantilever.

1864
Ottawa Ontario - Canadian militia sent near US border to guard against possible Fenian raids; Irish-American secret society dedicated to end of British rule in Ireland.

1792
Montreal Quebec - Opening of first Montreal Post Office, with regular twice-weekly mail service opened between Canada and the United States.



Born on this day:

1973 - Cory Stillman
NHL centre, born at Peterborough, Ontario; selected by the Calgary Flames in the first round (sixth pick overall) of the 1992 NHL Entry Draft; 1997-98 tied for team lead in goals and shorthanded goals. Led team in power-play goals. Second on team in points.

1970 - Travis Green
NHL Centre, born at Castlegar, British Columbia; selected by the New York Islanders in the second round (23rd pick overall) of the 1989 NHL Entry Draft; acquired by Anaheim Mighty Ducks with Doug Houda and Tony Tuzzolino for J.J. Daigneault, Mark Janssens and Joe Sacco, Feb. 06, 1998; second on team in goals, power-play goals and shooting percentage. Third on team in assists, points and shots.

1962 - Ray Coburn
keyboardist, songwriter, of Honeymoon Suite.

1924 - 1980 Judy LaMarsh
lawyer, politician, broadcaster, born at Chatham, Ontario; died at Toronto. LaMarsh served as Liberal MP for Niagara Falls 1960-68; 1963-65 Pearson's Minister of National Health and Welfare during implementation of Medicare; 1965-68 Secretary of State during Centennial Year; brought in the Broadcasting Act and set up the Royal Commission on the Status of Women in Canada; 1968 published her Memoirs of a Bird in a Gilded Cage.

1918 - 1988 Jean Marchand
union leader, politician, was born at Champlain, Quebec; dies in St-Augustin, Quebec. Marchand studied labour relations at Laval; 1942 organizer for the Fédération de la pulpe et du papier; 1944 organizer for the Confédération des travailleurs catholiques du Canada; 1947 Secretary General of the CTCC; 1960 helped bring about defeat of Duplessis government; 1961-65 President of the CTCC, renamed the Confederation of National Trade Unions (CNTU); worked with Lesage government to win right of government employees to form unions and strike; 1965 member of Royal Commission on Bilingualism and Biculturalism; joined the federal Liberal Party; one of the so-called 'three wise men' of Quebec, with his friends Pierre Elliott Trudeau and Gérard Pelletier, who served in Ottawa; 1976 resigned to run in the Quebec provincial election against the PQ; Dec. 1976 appointed to the Senate; Mar 1980 Senate Speaker; 1981 involved in debate over constitutional reform; 1983-85 President of the Canadian Transport Commission; 1985 a director of Ports Canada and vice-chairman of the Quebec Port Corporation.

1916 - 2002 Edgar Ritchie
diplomat, born at Andover, New Brunswick. Ritchie was educated at the UNB; Rhodes scholar; 1940s worked for the British government and the United Nations; 1944-46, 1948-80 with the Department of External Affairs; 1959-64 Assistant Undersecretary; 1964-66 Deputy Undersecretary; 1966-69 Ambassador to Washington; 1970-74 Undersecretary at Ottawa; 1976-80 Ambassador to Ireland.

1913 - Michel Chartrand
union activist, born at Outremont, Quebec. Chartrand spent two years as an Oblate monk before joining the Jeunesses patriotes; took part in the anti-conscriptionist League for the Defence of Canada and the Bloc populaire canadien; 1950s worked for the Fédération nationale des travailleurs du vêtement and the Syndicat des Métallos; helped found the New Democratic Party, but broke with it on the question of Quebec independence; 1963 co-founder of the Parti socialiste du Québec; 1964-65 PSQ President; 1968-78 President of the Conseil central des syndicats nationaux de Montréal; backed the PQ agenda.

1887 - 1981 Walter Shaw
farmer, politician, premier of PEI, born at West River, PEI; died at Charlottetown. Shaw was elected provincial Conservative leader in 1957; 1959 won election; reformed civil service and the electoral system in 1963; 1966 defeated by the Liberals under Alex Campbell; 1970 retired as Leader of the Opposition.

1881 - 1962 Télesphore-Damien Bouchard
journalist, politician, born at St-Hyacinthe, Quebec; died at Montreal. Bouchard worked as a journalist, then Mayor of St-Hyacinthe (1917-44); 1912-44 Liberal MLA for St-Hyacinthe; 1930 Speaker of the Quebec legislature; 1935 in Taschereau cabinet; 1936 Leader of the Opposition; 1939 in Godbout cabinet; 1944 appointed by Mackenzie King to the Senate; attacked French Canadian secret society, the Ordre de Jacques Cartier, as a danger to Quebec society.

1858 - 1938 David Hanna
accountant, railway director, born at Thornliebank, Scotland; died at Toronto. Hanna came to Canada in 1882 to work with the Grand Trunk Railway; 1896 joined William Mackenzie and Donald Mann's Canadian Northern Railway; 1919-22 first President of the board of directors of the Canadian National Railways; 1927-28 first Chairman of the Liquor Control Board of Ontario.

1791 - 1859 Thomas Baillairgé
architect, sculptor, painter, teacher, born at Quebec City, the son of architect Franois and grandson of architect Jean Baillairgé. Baillairgé worked closely with Abbé Jérôme Demers, illustrating his Précis d'architecture (1828); his work includes the interior at St-Joachim in Montmorency (1816-29), Notre-Dame cathedral in Quebec (1843), Ste-Geneviève de Pierrefonds (1844) and St-Roch-de-Québec (1845).

1725 - 1791 John Parr
soldier, colonial administrator, born at Dublin, Ireland; died at Halifax. Parr served in the British Army; 1782 appointed Governor of Nova Scotia; dealt with resettlement of 30,000 Loyalists from the American Revolution in NS and New Brunswick.

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December 21

1992
Ottawa Ontario - Barbara McDougall says Canada will recognize the new Czech and Slovak republics; Czechoslovakia federation to be dissolved Jan 01 after 74 years.

1983
Moscow Russia - Ottawa files formal claims for $2.1 million in damages from USSR on behalf of Canadian victims of Korean Air Lines flight 007, downed by a Soviet military missile.

1966
Ottawa Ontario - Parliament passes national Medicare Act; effective July 1, 1968.

1963
Ottawa Ontario - Canadian Weather Service gets first automatic picture transmission via satellite.

1910
Fort McPherson, NWT - Francis J. Fitzgerald and his Mounted Police patrol leave Fort McPherson on their 800 km mid-winter patrol to Dawson, in the Yukon Territory, to deliver mail and to confirm the presence of the Canadian police; will meet unusually heavy snow cover and - 46 C temperatures; Jan 18 turn back for Fort McPherson, but lose their way and run out of food after eating their dogs; by mid February the Lost Patrol members perish to a man; bodies recovered and buried in Fort McPherson March 28, 1911.

1894 MACKENZIE BOWELL BECOMES PM
Ottawa Ontario - Mackenzie Bowell becomes Prime Minister after death of John Thompson. A Senator, Bowell is Canada's 5th Prime Minister; he serves to April 27, 1896.

1884
Khartoum Sudan - General Herbert Kitchener leads British troops into Khartoum; find General Charles Gordon's garrison was wiped out three days earlier; the expedition was transported up the Nile by Canadian voyageurs and Caughnawaga Mohawks recruited by Col. Garnet Wolseley, who had previously employed them during the Red River Campaign in 1870.

1859
Ottawa Ontario - John Rose, Commissioner of Public Works breaks sod to start construction of the Parliament Buildings.

1837
Quebec Quebec - Governor Gosford delegates to certain officials the power to swear oaths of allegiance in Lower Canada; those who refuse are arrested under martial law.

1825
Montreal Quebec - Opening of the Theatre Royal in Montreal.


Born on this day:

1964 - Joey Kocur
NHL left winger, born at Calgary, Alberta; selected by the Detroit Red Wings in the fifth round (88th pick overall) of the 1983 NHL Entry Draft; traded by the New York Rangers to the Vancouver Canucks for Kay Whitmore Mar. 20, 1996; cousin of Colorado's Wendel Clark.

1950 - Lap-Chee Tsui
geneticist, professor, born at Shanghai, China. Tsui studied at the Chinese University of Hong Kong and Pittsburgh; 1981 genetics specialist at the Hospital for Sick Children at Toronto; 1988 senior scientist at HSC, with teaching in Department of Genetics at U of T; 1982 started investigating genetic cause of cystic fibrosis; 1987 joined with Francis Collins and University of Michigan Medical School team; Aug 1989 announces isolation of CF gene-bearing chromosome with Collins and Canadian collaborators Jack Riordan and Manuel Buchwald.

1945 - Duncan Suttles
chess grandmaster, born at San Francisco; grew up in Vancouver; 1964 played on 6 Canadian national teams in the World Olympiads starting at Tel Aviv; 1967 & 1970 represented Canada in the Interzonal tournaments; 1969 won Canadian Closed Championship; 1972 became Canada's second grandmaster; 1973 won Canadian Open in Ottawa; in 1973; 1975 retired from tournaments to work on stock analysis and correspondence chess; 1981 correspondence grandmaster.

1939 - Lloyd Axworthy
politician, was born at North Battleford, Saskatchewan. Axworthy studied at Princeton University; taught at University of Winnipeg and directed its Institute of Urban Affairs; 1973-79 Manitoba MLA; 1979 elected to the House of Commons for Winnipeg South Centre; 1980-83 Minister of Employment and Immigration; 1983-84 Minister of Transport; 1984 only Prairie Liberal to win a parliamentary seat; 1993 Minister of Human Resources Development and Minister of Western Diversification; currently Minister of External Affairs; hosted global conference to get a consensus banning land mines.

1935 - Edward Schreyer
politician, statesman, born at Beauséjour, Manitoba. Schreyer studied at United College and the University of Manitoba; 1958 won election to the provincial legislature for the CCF at age 22; 1965-69 MP; 1968 invited back to Manitoba to lead provincial NDP; 1969-78 Premier of Manitoba; 1977-78 Opposition leader; 1979-84 invited by Trudeau to serve as Governor General; 1984-88 Canadian High Commissioner to Australia.

1921 - 1988 Jean Gascon
actor, director, was born at Montreal; died at Stratford, Ontario. Gascon studied medicine, but also followed an acting career with Jean-Louis Roux and Les Compagnons de Saint-Laurent; studied in France with Ludmilla Pitoëff; 1951 cofounder of the Théâtre du Nouveau Monde, and in 1952, its theatre school; 1956 played Henry V at the Stratford Festival; 1958 toured Europe, the US and Canada; 1959 directed Othello at Stratford; 1960-63 first director of the National Theatre School; 1964 directed The Comedy of Errors at Stratford; 1968-74 succeeded Michael Langham as artistic director of Stratford; 1977 theatre director of the National Arts Centre; 1986-87 directed The Barber of Seville and Tosca at the Opéra de Montréal; 1988 died of a heart attack while directing My Fair Lady.

1895 - 1980 Allan Bronfman
financier, born on this day at Brandon, Manitoba; died at Montreal Mar. 26, 1980; excluded from Seagrams by his brother Sam; his sons Edward and Peter built their own financial empire through Edper Investments.

1885 - 1960 Frank Patrick
hockey player, coach, owner, and league official, was born at Ottawa, son of a millionaire lumberman; died at Vancouver. Along with his brother Lester, Frank Patrick helped set up professional ice hockey in Canada and promoted the expansion of the National Hockey League into the US. He and Les both starred with the McGill University team and with their father's Renfrew Millionaires (at $3000 each per season) and the Montreal Wanderers; 1911 founded the Pacific Coast Hockey League with their father's backing; built arenas for all teams in the league, including Canada's first artificial ice rink in Victoria, BC, for their Victoria Cougars (Stanley Cup 1924) and another for their Vancouver Millionaires; 1925 brothers sold their PCHL rosters to the expanding National Hockey League, and moved to Boston and New York; 1926 Frank coached Boston, then managed the Montreal Canadiens; 1926-46 Lester managed and coached the New York Rangers and led them to three Stanley Cups, while setting up hockey's first major farm team system; Frank proposed 22 pieces of legislation for the NHL rulebook, including the blue line.

1783 - 1859 Charles Murray Cathcart, 2nd Earl
soldier, scientist, administrator, born at Walton, England; died at St Leonard's-on-Sea, England. Cathcart served as a staff officer with Wellington in the Napoleonic wars; commander of British forces in North America, June 15, 1845 to May 13, 1847; Administrator and Governor General, Nov. 26, 1845 to Jan. 30, 1847 during the Oregon boundary dispute; 1841 discovered the mineral greenockite, a sulphate of cadmium.

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December 22

1987
Moscow Russia - Canada beats Finland 4-1 to win first-ever gold medal at the annual Izvestia hockey tournament.

1986
Montreal Quebec - Quebec Court of Appeal declares that Article 58 or Bill 101 making French the sole language authorized on commercial signs is unconstitutional.

1973
Toronto Ontario - Pierre Berton quoted in Canadian Magazine as saying, 'A Canadian is somebody who knows how to make love in a canoe.'

1969
Toronto Ontario - Anglican Church of Canada ordains first woman deacon.

1969
Montreal Quebec - FLQ terrorists explode bomb in a post office truck.

1969
Ottawa Ontario - John Lennon and Yoko Ono spend an hour with Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau and meet the Minister of Health, John Munro to discuss drug abuse.

1967
Ottawa Ontario - Justice Minister Pierre Trudeau tells the Commons that "There is no place for the state in the bedrooms of the nation."

1963
Ottawa Ontario - Reginald Binette kills four parishioners of Christ the King Roman Catholic Church in Ottawa in robbery attempt; sentenced to life imprisonment May 1, 1964.

1869
Newfoundland - Newfoundlanders vote against joining Confederation.

1809 US NON-INTERCOURSE ACT HURTS CANADA
Washington DC - US passes Non-Intercourse Act; opens trade with all nations except Britain and France; to retaliate against Napoleon's Decrees and British blockade; causes commercial depression in Canada.


Born on this day:

1972 - Kirk Maltby
NHL Left winger, born at Guelph, Ontario; selected by the Edmonton Oilers in the third round (65th pick overall) of the 1992 NHL Entry Draft; traded by the Edmonton Oilers to the Detroit Red Wings for Daniel Gillis on Mar. 20, 1996.

1971 - Caroline Olivier
Canadian acrobatic skier, born at Cap Rouge, Quebec.

1969 - Myriam Bédard
biathlon athlete, was born at Loretteville, Quebec. Bédard took up biathlon while an army cadet at age 15; 1987 member of Canadian national team; 1991 got good results in World Cup; 1992 won bronze medal in 15 km event at the Albertville Olympic Games; 1993 won gold in the 7.5 km event and silver in the 15 km event at world championships; 1994 won gold medals in the 7.5 and 15 km events at the Lillehammer Olympic Games; first Olympic biathlon golds won by a non-European.

1953 - Ian Turnbull
hockey player; Turnbull played with the Toronto Maple Leafs.

1938 - Lucien Bouchard
lawyer, politician, born at St-Coeur-de-Marie, Quebec. Bouchard studied law at Laval University, as a classmate of Brian Mulroney; 1971 joined the Parti québécois; 1973 campaigned for Jonquière PQ candidate; 1974-75 member of Cliche Commission of inquiry into violence and corruption in the construction industry; 1977 Lévesque government's chief negotiator with the province's 300 000 public servants; 1980 chaired pro-sovereigntist side in the referendum campaign; 1988 appointed Canadian Ambassador to France; 1988 Mulroney's Secretary of State; 1988-90 Minister of the Environment; May 21, 1990 resigned from Mulroney Cabinet and the Conservative Party to protest potential watering down of Meech Lake Accord; founded Bloc Québécois with like minded MPs; 1993 election won his riding of Lac-Saint-Jean as BQ candidate; got 50% of the popular vote in Quebec and 54 seats, making them the Official Opposition in Ottawa; 1995 resigned to lead Parti québécois and become Quebec Premier.

1861 - 1922 Sara Jeannette Duncan
journalist, novelist, born at Brantford, Ontario; died at Ashstead, England. Duncan joined the Toronto Globe in 1886-87, as its first female full time journalist; 1887-88 worked for the Montreal Star; 1888 started round-the-world tour and wrote her first novel A Social Departure (1890); married and settled in India for 25 years, then moved to England; of her 22 books, The Imperialist (1904) and Cousin Cinderella (1908) have Canadian themes.

1854 - 1921 Ralph Horner
evangelist, church leader, born in Pontiac County, Quebec; died at Ivanhoe, Ontario. Horner began his career as Methodist minister; 1883-85 studied theology at Victoria College, Cobourg, Ont.; 1887 ordained by the Montreal Conference of the Methodist Church; 1894-95 deposed after he proved unwilling to follow church discipline; joined the Wesleyan Methodists of NY; 1897 formed independent Holiness Movement Church, with a Bible college and a publishing house in Ottawa; 1916 schism led him to found the Standard Church of America.

1835 - 1902 George Monro Grant
Presbyterian minister, educator, born at Albion Mines, Nova Scotia; died at Kingston, Ontario. Grant studied at Pictou Academy and West River Seminary in Nova Scotia as well as Glasgow University; 1860 ordained in the Church of Scotland; 1863 Minister of St Matthew's Church, Halifax; 1877-1902 Principal of Queen's University, Kingston; 1889 Moderator of the Presbyterian Church in Canada; books include Ocean to Ocean (1873), about his journey overland to the Pacific with Sandford Fleming's expedition in 1872, and The Religions of the World (1894).

1815 - 1909 James Robert Gowan
lawyer, jurist, senator, born at Cahore, County Wexford, Ireland; died at Barrie, Ontario. Gowan was appointed to the bench at age 27; 1843-83 judge in Simcoe County; helped John A. Macdonald with draft legislation; sat on many royal commissions, including the 1873 investigation of the Pacific Scandal; 1855, founded The Upper Canada Law Journal, today's Canadian Bar Review; 1885 appointed to the Senate.

1715 - 1794 François de la Vérendrye
fur trader, explorer, born at Sorel Quebec; dies in Montreal. La Vérendrye was the third son of the family of French explorer Pierre Gaultier de Varennes, Sieur de La Vérendrye. He discovered the Saskatchewan River in 1739 and spent over 10 years on the Prairies, including a trip to the Mandan country on the Missouri in 1739. He and his brother Joseph (in the picture) may have been the first white men to see the Rocky Mountains. After the British conquest of Quebec he inherited a seignory and lived in Montreal.

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December 23

1991
Quebec - Gallup Poll says support for sovereignty-association in Quebec has dropped to 47% from 61% in May 1990.

1983
Ottawa Ontario - Jeanne Sauvé appointed Canada's first woman Governor General. Sauvé was born in Saskatchewan, brought up in Ottawa, was first elected to the Commons in 1972, was the first female French Canadian cabinet minister, and the first female Speaker of the House of Commons. After treatment for cancer, she was sworn in on May 14, 1984; she left Rideau Hall early in 1990 and died in January, 1993.

1971
Ottawa Ontario - Parliament passes Capital Gains Tax, effective Jan. 1, 1972, 'Valuation Day'.

1966
Ottawa Ontario - Royal Canadian Mint announces that dimes, quarters and 50-cent pieces will be struck from nickel instead of the more costly silver.

1963
Ottawa Ontario - Founding of National Centre for the Performing Arts in Ottawa; annual National Festival of the Arts starts in 1967.

1944
Halifax, Nova Scotia - German submarine U-806 torpedoes Royal Canadian Navy minesweeper HMCS Clayoquot by the Halifax lightship; sinks on the 24th.

1900 CANADIAN SENDS WORLD'S FIRST VOICE COM BY RADIO
Brant Rock, Massachusetts - Reginald Aubrey Fessenden, a Canadian wireless expert working for the US Weather Service, broadcasts the world's first voice communications by AM (amplitude modulation) radio wave for a distance of 1.6 km between two 13 metre towers; asks his assistant, 'Is it snowing where you are, Mr. Thiessen?'

1869
Winnipeg Manitoba - Louis Riel replaces John Bruce as President of the National Committee of Metis.

1771
Montreal Quebec - Marie Marguerite d'Youville dies; founder of the Grey Nuns, she was declared venerable in 1890 and the first steps in her beatification were taken in 1955.

1615
Oro Ontario - Samuel de Champlain leads defeated Huron war party back to Cahiagué after campaign against Iroquois across Lake Ontario.


Born on this day:

1971 - Corey Haim
movie actor, was born at Toronto. Haim started his career playing Larry in the Edison Twins (1982), after which he went to Hollywood, where he has played in Silver Bullet, Lucas, License to Drive and many other films. For a complete filmography, check out the Internet Movie Database.

1929 - Patrick Watson
TV producer and host, filmmaker, author, actor, born at Toronto. Watson earned an MA from the University of Toronto; 1957 joined production staff of CBC's 'Close-Up'; 1960-64 produced the weekly 'Inquiry' from Ottawa; 1964-66 coproducer with Douglas Leiterman and cohost with John Drainie and Laurier LaPierre of 'This Hour Has Seven Days'; 1975-81 host of 'The Watson Report' and the 10-part international coproduction 'The Struggle for Democracy'; 1989-94 Chairman of the CBC; helped shepherd the corporation through budget cuts, station closings and the elimination of 1,100 jobs.

1921 - Guy Beaulne
director, born at Ottawa, son of the director of Le Groupe Beaulne, a theatre company. Beaulne studied arts, pedagogy and philosophy at the University of Ottawa; 1944 director of La Corporation des Diseurs in Le Caveau (1944-48); taught dramatics and elocution at U of O, studied phonetics at the Sorbonne; 1948-50 acted at the Conservatoire d'art dramatique under Denis d'Ins; 1950-63 radio and TV drama producer for Radio-Canada, where he created La Famille Plouffe on radio; 1963-70 head of artistic education at Quebec Department of Cultural Affairs; 1970-76 first director of the Grand Théâtre de Québec; 1976-79 Délégation générale du Québec in Paris; 1981-87 director of Montreal's Conservatoire d'art dramatique.

1908 - Yousuf Karsh
photographer, born at Mardin, Armenia (Turkey). He and his brother Malak grew up during the Armenian massacres, but were brought to Canada in 1924 by his uncle George Nakashian, a portrait photographer in Sherbrooke, Quebec; 1928-31 apprenticed with portrait photographer John Garo of Boston; 1932 opened his Chateau Laurier studio in Ottawa; 1941 photographed Winston Churchill with a scowl for cover of Life Magazine; one of the most famous images in history; other portraits include Robert Borden, Albert Einstein, Yuri Gagarin, Charles de Gaulle, Martha Graham, Ernest Hemingway, John F. Kennedy, Martin Luther King, Peter Lorre, Somerset Maugham, Georgia O'Keeffe, Grey Owl and Marshall McLuhan; 1987 sold his 1933-87 collection of negatives, prints and transparencies to the National Archives of Canada; June 1992 closed his studio in Ottawa to move near his wife's physician in Boston.

1893 - 1944 Arthur Roy Brown
fighter pilot, born at Carleton Place, Ontario; died at Stouffville. Brown served as a flight commander with 209 Squadron of the Royal Flying Corps and had 11 kills; involved in the April 21, 1918, shooting down of Manfred von Richthofen, the Red Baron; July 1918 injured in a flying accident and returned to Canada the following year.

1491 - 1557 Jacques Cartier
navigator, born on about this day at St-Malo, France; died there Sept. 01, 1557. Cartier led 3 voyages of exploration to the St Lawrence region in 1534, 1535-36 and 1541-42; discoverer of 'Canada', the region of Quebec he named during his 1535 voyage.

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December 24

1991
Port Colborne, Ontario - Mary Kinnear dies at age 93; appointed to the Senate 1967; one of Canada's first female senators.

1989
Ottawa Ontario - House of Commons approves North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) after bitter two-week debate and closure.

1950
Toronto Ontario - Pianist Glenn Gould makes his CBC broadcast debut on 'Sunday Morning Recital'; comes to prefer the microphone to the concert stage, and in 1964 gives up performing live.

1906
Brant Rock, Massachusetts - Quebec physicist Reginald Aubrey Fessenden makes the world's first public radio broadcast and the first broadcast of music from his station near Boston on Christmas Eve; featured a female vocalist and Fessenden himself playing 'O Holy Night' on his violin to sailors on ships in the Atlantic and Caribbean; also sings carols, reads the Bible. In 1900 Fessenden had sent the world's first voice communications by radio wave for a distance of 1.6 km between two 13 metre towers. While working as a wireless expert for the US Weather Service, he developed the superheterodyne principle, the basis for all modern broadcasting, as well as the AM (amplitude modulation) broadcasting principle.

1879
Winnipeg Manitoba - Temperature in Winnipeg drops to record -44.3 C (-47.8 degrees F).

1866
London England - British North America delegates adopt the London Resolutions; choose name Dominion of Canada for new country; agreements made on the Intercolonial Railway, Imperial aid and religious school rights.

1814
Ghent Belgium - Treaty of Ghent ends War of 1812; restores 1783 boundaries; the Americans had declared war on June 18th, 1812, accusing British vessels of violating US neutrality and territorial waters during the first Napoleonic war. There has been peace ever since between Canada and the US.

1781 CANADA'S FIRST CHRISTMAS TREE
Sorel Quebec - Friedrich, Baron von Riedesel erects Canada's first Christmas tree for the garrison in Fort Sorel.

1642
Montreal Quebec - Sieur de Maisonneuve climbs Mount Royal and plants a cross on the summit.

1584
Red Bay, Labrador - Basque whaler Joanes de Echaniz dictates his last will and testament at Carol's Cove, near Red Bay; possibly the oldest surviving will in Canadian history.

Born on this day:

1944 - Daniel Johnson
business executive, politician, born at Montreal, son of Quebec Premier Daniel Johnson and older brother of Quebec Premier Pierre-Marc Johnson. Johnson studied at the universities of Montreal, London, England and the Harvard Business School; 1973 joined Power Corporation as corporate Secretary; 1978 VP Power; 1981 elected to the National Assembly as a Liberal; 1985 Minister of Industry and Commerce and Deputy House Leader in Bourassa government; 1988 President of the Treasury Board; 1989 re-elected; 1993 Dec. 14 acclaimed as leader of the Quebec Liberal Party on resignation of Bourassa; 1994 Jan. 11 sworn in as Quebec Premier; 1994 Sept. 12 lost election to Jacques Parizeau's; remained as Opposition leader; 1998 resigned leadership and replaced by Jean Charest.

1940 - Bill Crothers
runner, born at Toronto. Crothers started running seriously at age 15 with Fred Foote and the East York Track Club; 1961 -68 held all Canadian records from the 440 to the 1500 metres; 1964 won silver medal in 800m at Olympics, losing a close race to Peter Snell of Australia; 1965 beat Snell at Varsity Stadium in Toronto.

1900 - 1991 Joseph Roberts 'Joey' Smallwood
journalist, politician, born at Mint Brook, just outside Gambo, Newfoundland; died at St. John's. Smallwood worked as a left-wing journalist in New York from 1920-25, and campaigned for the Progressive Party; 1925 returned to Newfoundland to serve as a union organizer and radio broadcaster; 1933 failed to win a seat in the election; 1943-46 ran a piggery at the Gander air base; 1946 elected to the Newfoundland Convention and tirelessly campaigned for admission into Canada; July 22, 1948 won second of two hard-fought and close referenda using the bait of family allowances; April 1, 1949 became interim Premier, May 1949 won election as Newfoundland's first provincial Premier, a post he held until 1971; Oct. 1971 defeated by the Conservatives led by Frank Moores; 1977 left politics to write his 5 volume Encyclopedia of Newfoundland, but only lived to see publication of three volumes. It was completed in 1994.

1879 - 1941 Emile Nelligan
poet, was born at Montreal. Nelligan studied at the Petit Séminaire de Montréal and the Collège Sainte-Marie; June 13, 1896 publishes first poem, Rêve fantastique, in Le Samedi; 1897 elected a member of the École littéraire de Montréal; 1899 had a mental breakdown; taken to the Retraite St-Benoît; 1925 transferred to the Hôpital Saint-Jean-de-Dieu, where he stayed until his death.

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December 25

1971
Ottawa Ontario - Justin Pierre Trudeau born; second child born to a Prime Minister while in office; Mary Macdonald the first, in 1869.

1960
Montreal Quebec - Opening of the Boulevard Métropolitain for traffic; Montreal's cross-town artery.

1944
Sackville, New Brunswick - CBC tests its new International Service with a Christmas broadcast to Canadian troops in Europe in both English and French; only transmitter tests, but a small regular audience of Canadian troops and Europeans develops; opens full service Feb. 25, 1945.

1944
Ravenna Italy - Canadian Army captures Adriatic coast city of Ravenna.

1924
Montreal Quebec - New cross on Mount Royal first illuminated.

1892
Ottawa Ontario - John Sparrow David Thompson sworn in at Rideau Hall as leader of new Conservative Ministry.

1855 BRITISH RIFLEMEN INVENT GAME OF ICE HOCKEY?
Kingston Ontario - Soldiers of the Royal Canadian Rifles at the Tête du Pont barracks clear ice from Lake Ontario and use field hockey sticks and lacrosse balls to play first game of ice hockey; there are also Montreal claims of March 1875 and 1880, and there is proof that the Irish game of hurley, a form of field hockey, was played on ice at King's College, Windsor, Nova Scotia, in the early 1800s. Old Dutch paintings also show youths hitting balls with sticks on frozen canals.

1667
Kahnawake Quebec - Kateri Tekakwitha has her first communion at the Iroquois church.

1635
Quebec Quebec - Samuel de Champlain dies at Quebec on Christmas Day, age 68, after stroke paralyzed him in October; born at Brouage, a small seaport town in the old province of Saintonge, southeast of Rochefort, in about 1567; his remains buried under Champlain Chapel near Notre-Dame-de-Québec.

1620
Copenhagen Denmark - Jens Eriksen Munk manages to return to Copenhagen with only two surviving crew members after horrifying winter ordeal in Hudson Bay; most of his men died of trichinosis or Vitamin A poisoning from eating polar bear liver.

1535
Quebec Quebec - Jacques Cartier and his crew celebrate Canada's first recorded Christmas at Stadacona.


Born on this day:

1973 - Alexandre-Emmanuel Trudeau
born at Ottawa; second son of Pierre-Elliot and Margaret Trudeau.

1971 - Justin Pierre Trudeau
first son of Pierre-Elliot and Margaret Trudeau.

1970 - Stu Barnes
NHL centre, born at Edmonton, Alberta; selected by the Winnipeg Jets in the first round (first pick overall) of the 1989 NHL Entry Draft; traded to the Florida Panthers for Randy Gilhen on Nov. 26, 1993; traded to Pittsburg Penguins; 1997-98 led team and tied for third in NHL in power-play goals. Second on team in goals with career high.

1959 - Jon Kimura Parker
pianist, born at Burnaby, BC. Parker made his debut at age 5 with the Vancouver Youth Orchestra; earned Masters degree at age 21 from New York's Juilliard School; 1984 won Leeds International Piano Competition; 198g first major recording Tchaikovsky's B6 minor piano concerto and Prokofiev's Concerto No 3 for Piano, with André Previn and the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra.

1909 - 1982 Harry Hays
cattle breeder, politician, born at Carstairs, Alberta; died at Ottawa. Hays originated the Hays Converter breed of beef cattle; 1959-63 Mayor of Calgary; 1963-65 Minister of Agriculture; instituted the Saskatoon Veterinary College and the Canadian Dairy Commission; 1966-82 Senator, and co-chairman of the Special Joint Committee of the Senate and of the House of Commons on the Constitution.

1904 - 1999 Gerhard Herzberg
physicist, Nobel Laureate, born at Hamburg, Germany. Herzberg earned his doctorate in engineering at Darmstadt Technical University; 1935 fled Nazi Germany; 1935-45 taught at the University of Saskatchewan; 1945 worked at Yerkes Observatory, Chicago; 1948 joined staff of the National Research Council; 1949-69 NRC Director of Physics; NRC Distinguished Research Officer; won the 1971 Nobel Prize for Chemistry for his mapping by molecular spectroscopy of the electronic structure and geometry of molecules, especially free radicals - short lived groups of atoms that contain odd numbers of electrons.

1891 - 1971 Alex Thomas
writer, Nootka leader, born at Port Alberni, BC. Thomas worked as translator for his grandfather, a field consultant of Edward Sapir from 1910-14; 1914 wrote up the Nootka literature.

1889 - 1984 Lila Bell Acheson Wallace
philanthropist, publisher, editor, was born at Virden, Manitoba; died at Mount Kisco, New York. Wallace founded the immensely popular Readers Digest magazine with husband Dewitt Wallace.

1850 - 1887 Isabella Valancy Crawford
poet, was born at Dublin, Ireland; died in Toronto. Crawford came to Canada with her family in about 1847; 1869 moved to Peterborough; 1875 on her physician father's death, started publishing popular verse and serialized novels and novellas in New York and Toronto publications; 1883-87 moved with her family to Toronto, where they lived in boarding houses; 1884 published Old Spookses' Pass, Malcolm's Katie, and other poems; 1905 J.W. Garvin's The Collected Poems of Isabella Valancy Crawford published posthumously; first important woman poet in Canada, and specialized in vivid descriptions of the Canadian landscape.

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December 26

1990
Montreal Quebec - Doug Harvey dies; born Dec 19, 1924. Harvey played defence for the Montreal Canadiens; he won the Norris Trophy as best NHL defenceman seven times.

1976
St. John's Newfoundland - Nursing home fire kills 21 elderly residents.

1971
Cuba - Air Canada jet on flight from Thunder Bay to Toronto hijacked to Cuba.

1943
London England - General A.G.L. 'Andy' McNaughton retires as commander of First Canadian Army; will become Minister of National Defence replacing J. L. Ralston.

1942
Halifax, Nova Scotia - Canadian-escorted convoy ONS-154 loses 14 ships to German U-boats in mid-Atlantic; gets 32 to Britain by Dec. 30.

1934
Lévis Quebec - Joseph Bernier 1852-1934 dies, born on this day at L'Islet, Quebec on Jan 01, 1852. Captain of the government steamship Arctic, Bernier led expeditions into Canada's Arctic between 1904 and 1911; July 1909 unveiled a plaque on Melville Island which officially claimed the Arctic Islands for Canada.

1852
Liverpool England - New Brunswick-built ship Marco Polo arrives back from Melbourne, Australia in 140 days, a trip that usually took 240 days; declared the fastest ship in the world; 1883 wrecked when grounded in a gale off Cavendish, PEI.

1887
Winnipeg: Manitoba - David Harrison sworn in as Premier of Manitoba; will resign on Jan. 19, 1888 after support evaporates.

1791 PITT SPLITS CANADA IN TWO
London England - British PM William Pitt passes the Constitutional Act, dividing Quebec along the Ottawa River, into Upper and Lower Canada, each with a Lieutenant-Governor and a Legislature; Lower Canada keeps French civil law. The so-called 'Canada Act' gives colonies first powers to pass duties for revenue, a form of responsible government, but the governors and council retain the right to control revenue from the sale of Crown Lands, letting them bypass the Assembly.

1727
France - Louis-François Duplessis de Mornay appointed Bishop of Quebec on death of Saint-Vallier; he never came to Canada.


Born on this day:

1937 - Ronnie Prophet
country singer/guitarist, comedian, born at Hawkesbury, Ontario; raised on a farm in Calumet, Quebec. Prophet started performing in grade school; appeared on The Happy Wanderers Show on radio station CFRA in Ottawa in his teens; 1960s worked on club circuit in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, Nashville, Tennessee, and The Bahamas; 1970s hosted two shows on CTV, Grand Ole Country and The Ronnie Prophet Show; hits include San Diego (1973), Sanctuary (1975), Shine On (1976), and Phantom of the Opry (1980); 1986 married his duet singer, Glory-Anne Carriere.

1935 - Norm Ullman
NHL centre, was born at Provost, Alberta. Ullman broke into the NHL with Detroit in 1955; Punch Imlach acquired Ullman for the Toronto Maple Leafs in 1967-68 as part of a for Ullman, Paul Henderson and Floyd Smith in return for Frank Mahovlich, Pete Stemkowski, Garry Unger and the rights to Carl Brewer; Ullman moved to the WHA for his final two seasons, where he added another 47 goals and 83 assists before retiring in 1977; scored lifetime 490 goals, assisted on another 739 in his 20 NHL seasons.

1927 - Arnold Spohr
dancer, choreographer, director, born at Rhein, Saskatchewan. Spohr trained in London, England, New York City and Hollywood; 1945-54 danced with the Winnipeg Ballet until premises destroyed by fire; partnered Alicia Markova in London; 1957 interim director of the Royal Winnipeg Ballet; 1958-88 Artistic Director; 1970 established professional division of the Royal Winnipeg Ballet School under David Moroni; trained such dancers as Evelyn Hart and David Peregrine.

1914 - 1967 Crawford Gordon
business executive, born at Winnipeg; died at New York City. Gordon studied at McGill University; worked in the Department of Munitions and Supply during World War II; 1945 appointed C.D. Howe's director of industrial reconversion; 1951 co-ordinator of production for the Department of Defence; 1951-59 President and general manager of A.V. Roe aircraft company at Malton, Ontario; improved production of Avro CF-100 fighter; presided over development of Avro CF-105, the Arrow, canceled by the Diefenbaker government in 1959.

1778 - 1855 Jean-Baptiste Lagimodière
fur trader, born at Trois-Rivières, Quebec; died at St-Boniface, Manitoba. Lagimodière first went west as a hunter and trapper in about 1800; 1806 married Marie-Anne Gaboury and took her to Red River; 1815 took despatches to Montreal for the Hudson's Bay Company, informing Lord Selkirk of the dangerous situation in Red River; captured on his return near Fort William and held prisoner by the North West Company for 56 days; given a land grant across the river from Fort Garry; maternal grandfather of Louis Riel.

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December 27

1990
Ottawa Ontario - Barbara McDougall announces a five-year $332 million agreement to give Quebec control of cultural integration of immigrants to the province.

1990
Peterborough Ontario - Harold Town 1924-1990 dies of cancer at age 66; abstract artist, printmaker, studied at Central Technical School and the Ontario College of Art; worked as an illustrator for Maclean's and Mayfair; a founding member of the Painters Eleven (1953-1960).

1972
Ottawa Ontario - Lester B. 'Mike' Pearson 1897-1972 dies at age 75; born Apr 23, 1897. Diplomat and Liberal Prime Minister 1963-68, Pearson won the Nobel Peace Prize for his work in the Suez Crisis of 1956, setting up a UN peacekeeping force to help the British and French extract themselves from Egypt. His government is credited with bringing in medicare and the Canada Pension Plan. He is buried in Wakefield, Quebec.

1964
North Vancouver, BC - Chris Gage 1927-1964 commits suicide; jazz pianist born in Regina in 1927; declined offers to tour with Louis Armstrong, Peggy Lee and Gerry Mulligan.

1945
Ottawa Ontario - Lawyer Andrew Brewin persuades Minister of Justice to halt the deportation of 900 Japanese Canadians; gets matter referred to Supreme Court of Canada; acting on behalf of Japanese Canadians.

1942
Almonte Ontario - Troop train with 13 coaches plows into the rear of CPR train 550 west of Ottawa, killing 36 and injuring 155 persons; caused by lack of automatic signals.

1916
Oka Quebec - Trappist monastery at Oka destroyed by fire.

1869 LOUIS RIEL PRESIDENT
Winnipeg Manitoba - Louis Riel elected President of the Provisional Government of Rupert's Land and the North West; with powers to negotiate with Canadian Commissioner Donald A. Smith 1820-1914 who had just arrived at Fort Garry to explain the sale of the HBC territory to Canada.

1789
Queenston Ontario - Stage coach service opens on the Niagara portage road between Queenston and Fort Erie; first stage coach service in Ontario.

1610
Paris France - Hélène Boulle de Champlain, age 12, signs marriage contract with 40 year old Samuel de Champlain; daughter of a wealthy secretary to Louis XIII, and a Protestant; the wedding takes place Dec. 30; she brings him a useful dowry of 4,500 livres.


Born on this day:

1953 - Arthur Kent
journalist, war correspondent. Kent was known as the Scud Stud for his CNN coverage during the Gulf War.

1936 - Robert Kaplan
lawyer, politician, born at Toronto. Kaplan studied at the University of Toronto; 1963 called to the Ontario Bar; 1972 and 1974 lectured on Canadian affairs for the Hudson Institute; 1968-72 Liberal MP for Don Valley; 1974-93 elected in York Centre; 1980 Solicitor general; 1982 brought in the Young Offenders Act; removed national security responsibilities from the RCMP by creating the Canadian Security Intelligence Service (CSIS); 1984-93, Liberal justice and energy, mines and resources critic.

1921 - Fernand Nault
dancer, choreographer, teacher, director, born at Montreal. Nault studied and trained in Canada, the US and Europe; 1944-65 danced with American Ballet Theatre; 1958 a company ballet master; 1965 joined Les Grands Ballets Canadiens; 1967-74 associate director; 1974-76 director of schools; 1976 resident choreographer; works include Carmina Burana (1967) and Tommy (1970).

1913 - 1986 Elizabeth Smart
novelist, poet, was born at Ottawa; died in Suffolk England. Smart was educated at private schools in Ottawa and spent a year at King's College, University of London. She fell in love with poet George Barker and bore him four children. She explored their relationship in her poetic novel By Grand Central Station I Sat Down and Wept (1945) written while she lived in British Columbia. During World War II she worked in Washington DC, and for the Ministry of Defense in London, and supported her children with journalism and advertising; worked for House and Garden; 1963 literary and associate editor of Queen Magazine; 1977 published A Bonus, a collection of poems, and her second novel The Assumption of Rogues and Rascals.

1904 -1986 Eric Morse
canoeist, promoter of wilderness travel, born at Naini Tal, India; died at Ottawa; served with the RCAF in Ottawa; National Secretary of the United Nations Association in Canada; national director, Association of Canadian Clubs; author of Fur Trade Routes of Canada, and his memoirs, Whitewater Saga (1987).

1883 - 1979 Cyrus Eaton
industrialist, philanthropist, was born at Pugwash, Nova Scotia; died near Cleveland, Ohio. Eaton studied at McMaster University; 1906 moved to the US; became active in public utilities; 1912 organized Continental Gas and Electric Corporation; 1925 director of the Otis and Co. banking house; 1930 merged several bankrupt companies into the Republic Steel Corp.; 1950 fell out with C.D. Howe over management of Steep Rock Mine at Atikokan, Ont.; 1956 founded the Pugwash Intellectual Life Conferences, and the International Pugwash Conferences of Nuclear Scientists in 1957, which have met at his summer home by the sea at Pugwash, 100 km from Halifax; advocated the unpopular view that there should be increased diplomacy with Russia; 1960 awarded the Lenin Peace Prize; Pugwash conferences helped lay the groundwork for the Partial Test Ban Treaty of 1963, the Non-Proliferation Treaty of 1968, and the Antiballistic Missile Treaty of 1972.

1842 - 1917 John McDougall
Methodist minister, missionary, born at Owen Sound, Ontario; died at Calgary. McDougall studied at Victoria College, Cobourg, 1857-60; 1874 ordained; served as missionary to the Indians of western Canada, continuing his father's work; 1869-70 and 1885 served during western rebellions; 1906 retired in Calgary; author of George Millward McDougall (1888) and Forest, Lake and Prairie (1895).

1824 - 1890 John Macdonald
merchant, philanthropist, politician, born at Perth, Scotland; died at Toronto. Macdonald came to Canada in 1838 with his father, an army officer; educated at Dalhousie and Bay Street Academy (Toronto); 1849 opened John Macdonald and Co. dry-goods business in Toronto; 1859 largest wholesaler in Canada; 1863-87 independent Liberal MP; 1887 appointed to the Senate in 1887; author of Business Success, on Christian morality in business life; a founder of St. Andrew's College.

1823 - 1917 Mackenzie Bowell
publisher, politician, and fifth Prime Minister of Canada (1894-1996), born at Rickinghall, Suffolk, England; dies in Belleville, Ontario. Bowell came to Canada at age 9; 1834 apprentice printer with the Belleville Intelligencer newspaper; later editor and proprietor; 1858-1865 Ensign, Belleville Rifle Company; 1867-1872 Major, 49th Hastings Battalion; MP 1867-1892 North Hastings, Ontario; 1870-1878 Grandmaster of Orange Order of British North America; 1878-1892 Minister of Customs; 1892 Minister of Militia and Defence; 1892-1894 Minister of Trade and Commerce; 1892-1917 Senator; Conservative leader and Prime Minister on the death of John Thompson; served Dec. 21, 1894 - April 27, 1896, when he was succeeded by Charles Tupper; one of only two Canadians to be Prime Minister while sitting in the Senate.

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December 28

1996
Quebec Quebec - Newspaper Le Soleil de Québec celebrates its 100th anniversary.

1980
Ottawa Ontario - Pierre Trudeau gives year-end interview on CTV; says if Canada breaks up as a result of his constitutional proposals, it's 'not worth holding together.'

1970
Montreal Quebec - Paul Rose, his brother Jacques Rose, and Francis Simard captured at 4;30 am in tunnel under farmhouse near Montreal; suspected FLQ terrorists, kidnappers and murderers of Quebec Labour Minister Pierre Laporte.

1944
Montreal Quebec - Canadiens' right winger Maurice Richard the first player in NHL history to score eight points in one game, with 5 goals and 3 assists in a 9-1 win over the Detroit Red Wings; Leafs' Darryl Sittler breaks the record with 10 points on Feb. 7, 1976.

1859
Winnipeg Manitoba - William Coldwell and William Buckingham publish first issue of The Nor'Wester at Fort Garry; first newspaper in Red River Settlement; the former reporters on the Toronto Globe bought a hand press in St. Paul, Minnesota, which they transported to Red River by ox cart.

1857
Kamloops British Columbia - Governor James Douglas issues proclamation regulating new gold mines in Kamloops, Ashcroft and Vernon areas; proclaims Crown's control of mineral rights; requires BC mining licenses.

1837
Toronto Ontario - Upper Canada Governor Francis Bond Head approves raising of six regiments of incorporated militia to head off potential rebellion.

1795 SIMCOE TO BUILD YONGE STREET
Toronto Ontario - Upper Canada Governor John Graves Simcoe orders start to building of 80 km highway from town of York to Lake Simcoe; to be used as a portage road for the North West Company, and as a military route to protect Upper Lake Huron; completed in April, 1796, and named for Sir George Yonge, then British Secretary of State for War.


Born on this day:

1975 - Rob Niedermayer
NHL centre, born at Cassiar, British Columbia; selected by the Florida Panthers in the first round (fifth pick overall) of the 1993 NHL Entry Draft; missed 10 games with concussion and 16 with post-concussion syndrome in 1997-98, ending season.

1975 - Jamie Storr
NHL goaltender, born at Brampton, Ontario; selected by the Los Angeles Kings in the first round (seventh pick overall) of the 1994 NHL Entry Draft; played for the Toronto Planets in the 1993 Roller Hockey International playoffs.

1962 - Michelle Cameron
synchronized swimmer, was born at Calgary Alberta. Cameron began the sport in 1976 with the Calgary Aquabelles. From 1981 to 1988, they won 6 of 8 national championships. In the 1988 Olympics, she and Carolyn Waldo won a Gold Medal in the duet event.

1960 - Raymond Bourque
NHL defenseman, born at Montreal. Bourque played junior with Sorel and Verdun; 1979 drafted by the Boston Bruins as their 1st choice, 8th overall; 1979-80 Calder Trophy as the league's top rookie; 5 time winner of the Norris Trophy as the league's top defenceman.

1943 - David Peterson
lawyer, politician, businessman, born at Toronto; grew up in London, Ont. Peterson studied at the universities of Western Ontario and Toronto; 1969 joined family electronics firm; 1975 MLA for London Centre; 1982 elected Liberal leader; May 02, 1985 defeated Progressive Conservatives under Frank Miller, ending 42 years of PC rule in Ontario; Premier of Liberal minority government with 2 year NDP guarantee of support for reform legislation; Sept. 10, 1987 won majority; Sept 1990 lost to Bob Rae's NDP in upset after calling snap election; 1991 retired from politics to became a partner in a Toronto law firm.

1932 - Henry Vernon 'Harry' Howell
NHL defenseman, born at Hamilton, Ontario. Howell played 25 professional seasons, and played in 1,581 games - 1,411 in the NHL and 170 in the World Hockey Association - more than any other pro defenseman. 1952 joined the New York Rangers; 1966-67 Norris Memorial Trophy as the league's leading defenseman; 1969 traded to California (later Oakland); 1973 to Los Angeles Kings; later played and coached WHA teams in New York, New Jersey, San Diego; 1975 retired after playing 31 games with Calgary Cowboys of the WHA.

1929 - 1970 Terry Sawchuck
NHL goaltender, was born at Winnipeg, Manitoba; died accidentally in New York City, in a scuffle with a teammate. Sawchuck played junior hockey at Winnipeg and Galt, Ont.; 1947 turned pro with Omaha; 1950 joined the Detroit Red Wings; 1951 Calder Trophy as the NHL rookie of the year; 1952 led Detroit to the Stanley Cup in a minimum eight games, collecting four shutouts and allowing only five goals; Vezina Trophy as best goalie three times in his first five years, and again in 1965 as a Toronto Maple Leaf. He was in nets for the Leafs in their 1967 Stanley Cup win; compiled NHL record 103 shutouts.

1928 - Moe Koffman
flautist, saxophonist, born at Toronto. Koffman started his career as a saxophonist with Toronto dance bands; 1950-55 worked in the US with Sonny Dunham, Jimmy Dorsey and others; 1957-58 had an international hit with his Swinging Shepherd Blues; his quartet or quintet a fixture at George's Spaghetti House in Toronto; soloed with Rob McConnell's Boss Brass; 1982 started touring with Dizzy Gillespie.

1923 - Bruno Bobak
artist, arts administrator, born at Wawelowska, Poland. Bobak was commissioned Canada's youngest official war artist in 1944; trained with Carl Schaefer; 1947-59 worked in BC; 1962 director of the Art Centre at the University of New Brunswick.

1919 - Eric Nicol
journalist, humorist, playwright, born on this day at Kingston, Ontario, Dec. 28, 1919; grew up in Vancouver. Nicol's columns in the Vancouver Province were collected in Girdle Me a Globe (1957, Leacock Medal for Humour); other works include Vancouver (1970), A Scar is Born (1968), The Joy of Hockey (1978).

1913 - Lou Jacobi
actor, was born at Toronto. Jacobi has played in almost 30 movies; he was also a regular on the Dean Martin Show 1971-1973.

1903 - 1969 Fanny (Bobbie) Rosenfeld
track and field athlete, sportswriter; born in Russia; brought up in Barrie, Ont.; died in Toronto. In 1925 Rosenfeld was the sole entry from the St. Pats Athletic Club at the Ontario Ladies Track and Field meet in Toronto but won enough points to win the team title single handedly; held Canadian records in running and standing broad jump and discus; joint holder of 100 yard world record of 11 seconds; 1928 won the silver medal in the 100m sprint at the Amsterdam Olympic Games, the first Olympiad where women first competed; key member of Canada's gold medal winning 400m Relay team that set a new world record time of 48.2 seconds.

1842 - 1891 Calixa Lavallée
composer, pianist, teacher, born at Verchères, Quebec, the son of Augustin Lavallée, a woodcutter and blacksmith, who became an instrument repairman, bandleader and music teacher; moved family to St-Hyacinthe to work for organ-builder Joseph Casavant; died at Boston, Massachusetts. Lavallée played the organ in the cathedral at age eleven; studied in Montreal, then left for the US in 1857 and toured South America, the West Indies and Mexico with famous Spanish violinist Olivera; 1863 returned to Verchères to teach like his father; joined the Northern army as a band Lieutenant during the American Civil War; Jan. 24, 1864 gave a recital at the Theatre Royal in Montreal playing piano, violin and cornet; 1865-72 lived and composed operettas in the US; 1873-75 studied piano and composition in Paris; 1975 settled in Montreal; failed in attempts to found a conservatory; June 1880; composed O Canada for the National Congress of French Canadians held in Quebec City, with words by Judge A.B. Routhier; 1881 his comic opera The Widow presented in New Orleans.

1841 - 1918 John Ross Robertson
newspaper publisher, born at Toronto. Robertson studied at Upper Canada College; founded the Evening Telegram newspaper; published several volumes of Landmarks of Toronto and Canada and left his collection of Canadiana to the Toronto Public Library.

1763 - 1836 John Molson
brewer, banker, steamship owner, born at Spalding, England; died at Ile Ste-Marguerite, Quebec. Molson was an orphan; 1782 immigrated to Canada; 1786 used legacy to buy a small brewery in Montreal; 1816 took three sons into partnership as John Molson and Sons; moved into banking and lumbering; 1809 built the steamboat Accomodation at Montreal with an engine constructed at the Forges St-Maurice; 1821 built Canada's first distillery; financed the Champlain & St. Lawrence Railway, Canada's first; 1816-20 MLA Lower Canada; 1826 President of the Bank of Montreal ; 1832 member of the Legislative Council of Lower Canada.

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December 29

1997
Toronto Ontario - Jacques Villeneuve voted Canada's Male Athlete of the Year; winner of Formula 1 Grand Prix driving championship.

1991
Stratford Ontario - Susan Wright dies at age 44 in house fire that kills parents as well; actress at Stratford and Shaw Festivals; winner of Dora Mavor Moore awards.

1989
Ottawa Ontario - Canada the first country in the world to ban smoking on domestic airlines.

1967 PARLIAMENT VOTES TO END DEATH PENALTY
Ottawa Ontario - Parliament drops death penalty for murder, except policemen or prison guards; for five-year trial period.

1945
Ottawa Ontario - DND releases World War II casualty statistics; 41,371 Canadians in service killed, 43,178 wounded, 10,844 made prisoners of war, 32 missing in action.

1921
Ottawa Ontario - William Lyon Mackenzie King becomes Prime Minister on defeat of Arthur Meighen in Commons; he is Canada's 10th Prime Minister; 12th Dominion Ministry, until June 28, 1929.

1868
Ottawa Ontario - John Young, Baron Lisgar appointed Governor General; serves from Feb. 2, 1869 to June 21, 1872

1837
Buffalo, New York - Royal Navy Commander Andrew Drew and a group of Canadian militiamen cross the Niagara River to Fort Schlosser, and capture the American supply steamer Caroline used by William Lyon Mackenzie and his rebels on Navy Island; they set the ship ablaze, cut her adrift and send her toward Niagara Falls; incident almost causes war between Britain and US. Legend says she went over the Falls.

1635
Quebec Quebec - Authorities publish official notices forbidding blasphemy.

1612
La Rochelle, France - Samuel de Champlain and Hélène Boullé given the right to consummate their union; marriage contract signed two years earlier, when Hélène was 12.


Born on this day:

1963 - Lisa Savijarvi
alpine skier, born at Bracebridge, Ontario. Savijarvi started racing at age 8; competed nationally at age 14; 1985 Canadian champion in Giant Slalom, second in Super G; third in Slalom and Downhill; 1986 10 World Cup top 10 finishes, with a win in Super G (Furano), second in Downhill (Badgastein) and fourth in Giant Slalom (Banff); March 1987 forced into retirement when she shattered her right knee and crushed a vertebra in a World Cup training run at Vail.

1942 - Dinah Christie
actor, writer, director, singer, comedienne, designer, born at in London, England. Christie twice won the ACTRA award for best variety performer and won a Gemini for best actress in a comedy series (Check it Out). She starred in CHCH's Party Game, with Bill Walker, Billy Van and Jack Duffy. She now lives near Holstein, Ontario, where she runs The Badd Sisters (Blondes Against Drunk Drivers), a cottage industry making environmentally friendly natural cotton and hemp accessories.

1900 - 1957 Nels Stewart
NHL hockey centre, born at Montreal; died at Toronto. Stewart played for the Montreal Maroons from 1925 to 1932, on the S line between Babe Siebert and Hooley Smith; also played with Boston Bruins (1932-35), New York Americans (1935-36), Bruins again (1936-37) and New York again (1937-40; won the Hart trophy in 1926 and 1930 as the NHL's MVP and played on one Stanley Cup team; had a deadly accurate shot, and was the first hockey pro to score 300 goals in the NHL - goalies called him Old Poison; his record 324 goals was finally broken by Maurice Richard; still holds record for fastest 2 goals: in 4 seconds.

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December 30

1992
Victoria BC - Sue Rodriguez to appeal court ruling that Criminal Code ban on suicide aid does not violates her Charter rights; terminally ill with Lou Gherig's Disease; wants assisted suicide.

1988
Ottawa Ontario - The Senate passes the bill approving the Canada-US Free Trade Agreement.

1981 GRETZKY SHATTERS RICHARD RECORD
Edmonton Alberta - Wayne Gretzky scores five goals, including his 50th of the season into an empty net, leading the Oilers to a 7-5 victory over the Philadelphia Flyers. Scoring in only his 39th game of the season, Gretzky becomes the first player to reach the mark in fewer than 50 games, shattering Maurice Richard's NHL record.

1941
Ottawa Ontario - Winston Spencer Churchill arrives in Ottawa after his talks with President Roosevelt over strategy to win the war with Germany.

1909
Porcupine Ontario - Gold discovered in Porcupine.

1881
Ottawa Ontario - John Douglas Sutherland, Marquis of Lorne founds The Royal Society of Canada, to promote learning in the arts and sciences.

1870
Manitoba - Manitoba holds first provincial election.

1834
Toronto Ontario - Fire destroys Parliament Buildings of Upper Canada at York.

1650
Quebec Quebec - Fire destroys Ursuline convent at Quebec.


Born on this day:

1961 - Ben Johnson
track and field sprinter, was born in Jamaica. Johnson set the 100m world record (9.83) at 1987 World Championships, and won the 100m at 1988 Olympics in Seoul, but failed his drug test and forfeited the Gold medal. His 1987 world record was revoked in 1989 for admitted steroid use. He returned drug-free in 1991, but performed poorly; was banned for life by IAAF in 1993 for testing positive after a meet in Montreal.

1943 - Linda Thom
pistol shooting champion. Thom took the Gold Medal in the Sport Pistol event at the 1984 Los Angeles Olympic Games, winning a dramatic shoot-off against American Ruby Fox. Hers was the first individual gold medal for Canada since 1956 and the first gold for a Canadian woman since the 1928 summer games. Thom retired in 1987.

1883 - 1960 Lester Patrick
NHL player, coach, owner, and league official, was born at Drummondville, Quebec; died in Victoria, BC. Along with his brother Frank, Les Patrick helped set up professional ice hockey in Canada and promoted the expansion of the National Hockey League into the US. Patrick started his hockey career as a defenceman in Brandon and then played with Montreal Wanderers and Renfrew Millionaires before heading to BC to serve as manager and playing captain of the Victoria team in the Pacific Coast Hockey League. He and Frank also built the first artificial ice arenas in Vancouver and Victoria. In 1926 he managed the New York Rangers and led them to three Stanley Cups, while setting up hockey's first major farm team system.

1878 - 1943 William Aberhart
politician, was born at Kippen, Ontario; died in Vancouver. 'Bible Bill' Aberhart was Alberta's first Social Credit Party Premier, and served during and after the Great Depression.

1869 - 1944 Stephen Butler Leacock
humorist, economist, born at Swanmore, Hampshire, England; dies in Toronto. Taken to Canada at age 6 to settle on a farm near Sutton, Ontario, Leacock attended Upper Canada College and the University of Toronto, then taught at UCC from 1889 to 1899. After graduate work at the University of Chicago, he went to McGill University, where he was Professor of Economics 1908-36. He is the author of over 60 books of humour and economics, plus biographies of Mark Twain (1932) and Charles Dickens (1933). His major works are Literary Lapses (1910), Nonsense Novels (1911), Sunshine Sketches of a Little Town (1912), Arcadian Adventures with the Idle Rich (1914), Moonbeams from the Larger Lunacy (1915) and My Remarkable Uncle (1942).

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December 31

1991
Port-au-Prince Haiti - Seventeen Haitian activists surrender to police after occupying Canadian Embassy for six weeks.

1982
Ottawa Ontario - Ottawa reports 12.8% unemployment, the worst since the Great Depression of the 1930s.

1980
Toronto Ontario - Marshall McLuhan dies; University of Toronto writer, communications guru; born Jul. 21, 1911; famous for his statement that The Medium Is The Message.

1931
Canada - Canadian stock index plunges 37.2%; GNP declines 12.7%; worst business year on record in the country.

1929 SWEETEST MUSIC THIS SIDE OF HEAVEN
New York City - Guy Lombardo and his Royal Canadians play Auld Lang Syne to usher in the New Year for the very first time, in their first annual New Year's Eve Party at the Hotel Roosevelt Grill. The show is broadcast over the CBS radio network. Born in London Ontario, Guy founded the Lombardo Orchestra with his brother Carmen in 1916. Auld Lang Syne was his band's theme song before 1929, but tonight was the start of a New Year's Eve tradition. The Lombardo Orchestra is the longest running act in show business history, and has premiered over 500 hit songs, more than any other musical organization.. The Lombardo New Year's Eve Party, which later switched to the Waldorf Astoria Hotel, was the longest running annual special program in radio history. The Lombardo Orchestra has performed for more than 1.5 billion TV viewers since they first telecast their New Year's Eve Party in 1954. Guy Lombardo died in 1977.

1883
Fredericton New Brunswick - First mustering of 'A' Company of the Infantry School Corps; first unit of Canadian Permanent Force; later becomes Royal Canadian Regiment.

1857
Canada - Canada officially goes on system of decimal currency at midnight.

1775
Quebec Quebec - American Brigadier-General Richard Montgomery orders the attack on Quebec from the Lower Town at 5 am during a bitterly cold blizzard; he is killed at a fortified gate during the fire fight; Benedict Arnold is wounded. Guy Carleton, Baron Dorchester 1724-1808 repels Americans with the aid of Col. Allan Maclean.

1646
Quebec Quebec - Martial Piraubé, Governor Montmagny's secretary, plays the lead in 'Le Cid,' by Corneille; first play performed at Quebec.

1638
Huronia Ontario - A lunar eclipse in Huron country panics natives, who place blame on Jesuits.


Born on this day:

1947 - Burton Cummings
rock singer, songwriter, born at Winnipeg Manitoba. In 1964, the Winnipeg group Chad Allan and the Expressions release the hit single Shakin' All Over with a question mark on the label inviting listeners to 'Guess Who' the band really is - the name sticks.
In December 1965, Cummings joins The Guess Who to replace Chad Allan on vocals, and from 1965-75 he is the lead singer and keyboardist, with partners Randy Bachman, Jim Kale, Kurt Winter, Bill Wallace, Don McDougall (later Dominic Troiano) and Gary Peterson.
On Sept 19, 1968, the band record their debut album Wheatfield Soul at A&R Studios in New York. On Aug 16, 1969 they appear on Dick Clark's American Bandstand to be awarded a gold record for their Top 10 hit single These Eyes and to perform (She's Come) Undun.
On May 9, 1970 they rocket to the top of the Billboard Hot 100 chart and stay there for three weeks with their hit single American Woman/No Sugar Tonight - making them the first Canadian group to have a number one record in the US and the first to have a Top 10 album (American Woman).
Cummings plays his last gig with The Guess Who at the Montreal Forum on Sept 13, 1975, and on Nov 8, 1976, plays his first solo concert at the Manitoba Centennial Concert Hall in Winnipeg. Cummings' most notable songs are I'm Scared, Stand Tall, These Eyes, Laughing, Undun, No Time, American Woman, No Sugar Tonight/New Mother Nature and Runnin' Back to Saskatoon. On March 27th, 1996, he released his 32nd solo album, Up Close and Alone, recorded live at the Glenn Gould Studio in Toronto.

1884 - 1966 Elizabeth Arden
beautician and cosmetics manufacturer, was born Florence Nightingale Graham at Woodbridge, Ontario. After training as a nurse, Graham went to New York in 1907 and opened the Elizabeth Arden beauty salon on Fifth Avenue in 1910. She was a shrewd business person, and spurred by competition with her rival, Helena Rubinstein, started developing a worldwide chain of beauty salons, with its own line of cosmetics. By introducing eyeshadow, mascara, and lipstick tinted to match clothing, she succeeded in making make-up acceptable to 'respectable' women. She also operated Maine Chance Stables in Kentucky, and bred the 1947 Kentucky Derby winner.